FEEDING OF WORKING ANIMALS 275 



The previous descriptions of the food-stuffs, to- 

 gether with the feeding standards given in the 

 Appendix, supply all the details necessary for 

 making up the rations. 



During work the animals ought to have short 

 periods of rest in order to prevent the excessive 

 fatigue which would raise the metabolism con- 

 siderably (p. 111). The length of time which an 

 ox should be allowed to rest at midday has already 

 been mentioned (p. 34), and it should be a rule to 

 give a longer rest in the hot periods of the year. 

 This is then particularly necessary, both to give 

 time to overcome fatigue and also to admit the 

 rise of body heat, which follows a meal, to be 

 dissipated. The best plan is to begin work earlier 

 in the morning in summer and to cease somewhat 

 later in the evening than during the cooler part of 

 the year. 



(2) The feeding of horses. 



In order to know what nourishment to give to a 

 horse which is performing a certain amount of 

 work, it is necessary to find out what is required 

 for maintenance. Investigations on this point 

 have been carried out in three different ways. In 

 one series of experiments omnibus horses were 

 used, and one-third of the working ration was given 

 to animals at rest in the stable. 



On this diet the animals lost weight ; they 



