460 POWDERED VEGETABLE DRUGS 



163. QUERCUS ALBA. White Oak. 

 Fl. ex. 30. 



Oak bark, E. Eichenrinde, G. Ecorce de chene, Fr. 



The inner bark of Quercus alba L., Fagacese. 



Pale reddish brown. 



Nearly odorless. 



Very astringent and bitter. 



Numerous typical, medium sized, thick-walled sclerenchyma 

 cells. Typical, rather large, thick-walled bast fibers, profusely lined 

 with prismatic crystal-bearing fibers; aggregate crystals of calcium 

 oxalate also abundant. Parenchyma cells rather thin-walled, and of a 

 pale brownish rosy hue; some with brown resin. 



The bark of various related species is often substituted for the 

 above. 



164. (Fig. 160.) QUILLAJA. Quillaja bark. 

 Fl. ex. 30. 



Soap-bark, E. Seifenrinde, G. Ecorce de quillaya, Fr. 



The inner bark of Quillaja Saponaria Fr., Rosaceae. 



Very pale ash gray. 



Odorless; irritating, producing sneezing. 



Very pungent, astringent; saliva foamy. 



Numerous, rather large, thick- walled, porous bast cells; many 

 of them irregular, nodular, bent and branching; some short and 

 sclerenchymatous. Remnants of the outer brown cork tissue may be 

 found. Inner bark parenchyma cells entirely colorless, elongated; 

 most cells with single large elongated prisms of calcium oxalate. 



Not generally adulterated. 



