6 DAIRY FARMING 



or cow available for beef each year per family. About 

 seventeen pounds of dressed veal per family is used annually 

 in the United States. 1 Nearly all of this is produced by dairy 

 cows. From the comparative number of dairy cows and 

 other cows, it appears that in addition to veal calves almost 

 half of the beef animals slaughtered are produced by dairy 

 cows. As population becomes more dense, we shall depend 

 more and more on the dairyman for our meat supply. Beef 

 from the beef breeds of animals will become too expensive 

 for any but the wealthy, as it now is in densely populated 

 countries. In the ten years 1900 to 1910 the number of 

 dairy cows increased. Butter production increased 9 per 

 cent and cheese production 7 per cent. But the number of 

 steers and bulls decreased one-fifth. 



8. Dairy Cattle in Other Countries. The British Isles 

 have one dairy cow to eleven persons. They import large 

 quantities of cheese and butter. France and the Netherlands 

 have one cow to five persons. Germany has one cow to six 

 persons. Denmark has one cow to two persons. It furnishes 

 large quantities of butter for England. Japan and China 

 show a striking contrast with America and Europe. Their 

 dense population makes any kind of animal food too expensive 

 to be used freely except by the wealthy. Instead of one 

 cow for a family, Japan has one head of cattle for thirty-seven 

 persons. The number of dairy cows is not reported, but 

 this probably means that there is not more than one cow 

 for from seventy to one hundred persons. 2 



As the population in the United States is becoming denser, 

 we are unfortunately forced to use less animal food, but we 



1 Assuming that the calves slaughtered on farms were as heavy as those 

 killed in slaughter houses. 



2 U. S. Dept. Agr., Yearbook, 1912, pp. 666-668. International Insti- 

 tute of Agriculture, Vol. V, No. 10, p. 485. 



