246 DAIRY FARMING 



milk made into these products, an average price for the 

 year of 27 cents per pound of butter fat. 



Value of Calf. A calf from a cow producing only 200 

 pounds of butter fat a year must be valued at beef prices, 

 which amounts to about $3.00 at birth. When the produc- 

 tion reaches 300 pounds of butter fat and up, the value 

 of the calf rapidly increases, as indicated in the tables. 

 The price placed upon the calves from the larger pro- 

 ducers it is believed, is a fair average market value. Their 

 actual value is considerably greater than this. 



Value of Skim=Milk. For the purpose of this calcu- 

 lation, the amount of skim-milk credited to each cow is 

 based upon a 4% fat content of the milk and represents 

 the total milk minus the butter fat it contains. While rat- 

 ing the value of skim-milk at 30 cents per 100 pounds 

 may be considered too high by some, it must be remem- 

 bered that skim-milk has a fertilizing value which alone 

 amounts to at least 10 cents per 100 pounds, and fully 

 three-fourths of this is recovered in the manure. For 

 poultry, young calves, and young pigs, the combined feed- 

 ing and fertilizing value of skim-milk is higher than 30 

 cents, especially when fed in a small quantity. 



Value of Manure. The manure from cows considered 

 in the preceding table is valued according to its content 

 of nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potash, which according 

 to their present commercial ratings are worth 19, 5> an d 

 5 cents per pound respectively. The fertilizing ingredi- 

 ents vary with the kind and amount of feed supplied, and 

 this again varies according to the productive capacity of 

 cows and, to some extent, the section of the country in 

 which the cows are fed. Largely because of these condi- 



