12 THE DAIRY OF THE FARM. 



from which, during winter, the herd is to some extent main- 

 tained. Mr. White, of Warrington, says, in the Agricultural 

 Society's Journal, vol. vi., that 15 to 18 cows are kept per 

 100 acres of grass land, and that a cheese of 36 to 54 Ibs. 

 is made daily from their milk during four or five months in 

 summer. Assuming then that 45 Ihs. of cheese are made 

 during each of 140 days, we have 350 Ibs. per cow, over 

 18 cows, but only 63 Ibs. per acre over the 100 acres, owing 

 to the large extent of land (more than 5 acres) allotted per 

 cow. The 15 Gloucestershire dairy farms already referred 

 to contain 1716 acres of pasture land and 258 acres of 

 arable land. They produced 1600 cwts. of cheese, or 105 

 Ibs. per acre (less than 4 acres are required per cow), 

 besides keeping a stock on the whole of 85 calves and the 

 same number of yearling, two-year-old, and three-year-old 

 heifers, and a small flock (127) of sheep. The sales from 

 this extent of land include in addition to this cheese 15 

 tons of bacon, 350 young calves, 85 old cows, and 8 Ibs. of 

 butter per acre. Mr. Caird in his "English Agriculture," 

 in 1851, says, that of good grass land in Wiltshire, 2J acres 

 are reckoned sufficient to support a cow throughout the 

 year ; and, to give an idea of the quantity of stock actually 

 kept in a particular instance, he adds : "We found a milking 

 stock of 40 cows on a dairy farm of 120 acres." The 

 same authority quotes the following particulars supplied to 

 him in reference to Cheshire experience. " On 36 farms, 

 containing 6600 acres 2200 of which were in tillage, a 

 stock of 1176 cows, besides the necessary quantity of 

 young cattle, is kept in this proportion : 



First class, 600 acres at 3 acres per cow, 200 cows. 

 Second class, 800 3 ,, 226 



Third class, 3000 4 750 ,, 



