GENERAL MANAGEMENT. 99 



maintain a herd "of 30 dairy cows, then any source of 

 winter feeding which will displace two-thirds of the hay 

 required will set free for pasturage two-thirds of the ex- 

 tent of grass-land to be mown. It is not too much to 

 say that by 30 acres under arable culture as much winter 

 food will be provided as by 50 acres of grass-land mown. 

 Supposing, then, these 100 acres to be divided into 80 

 acres pasture and 20 acres arable, it is plain that of the 

 half of this pasture (40 acres), which ordinarily would 

 fall to be mown, at least two-thirds (26 acres), would be 

 set free by the winter food (straw and green crops) yielded 

 by the 20 acres arable : and the stock capable of being 

 kept on the remaining 80 acres pasture, as compared with 

 that on the 100 acres of whole pasture, depends on the 

 relative summer produce of 66 acres whole grass and 

 14 acres aftermath, as compared with that of 50 acres 

 whole pasture and 50 acres aftermath. There cannot be 

 a doubt that the former will yield more food than the 

 latter, and at the most productive time of the year, while 

 the land will at the same time, under this plan, be more 

 likely to increase from year to year in value. It thus 

 appears that a larger dairy stock can be kept upon a 

 farm so managed, while, at the same time, one-half of 

 the arable land will be yielding its valuable produce of 

 grain for sale. It seems, however, also to be certain that 

 the use of home-grown grain, bean and pea-meal, oats and 

 -corn wheat, is economical and desirable while the prices are 

 so low as they have been in 1884-5. 



Let me add as a postscript that the selection and main- 

 tenance of the herd gentle, regular, and punctual treat- 

 ment 'of the animals throughout the year ; provision of 



H 2 



