174 MR. DARWIN'S CRITICS v 



to mean that, just as the rock-pigeon has been 

 produced by natural causes, while the evolution of 

 the tumbler from the blue rock has required the 

 special intervention of the intelligence of man, so 

 some anthropoid form may have been evolved by 

 variation and natural selection ; but it could never 

 have given rise to man, unless some superior intel- 

 ligence had played the part of the pigeon-fancier. 

 According to Mr. Wallace, " whether we com- 

 pare the savage with the higher developments of 

 man, or with the brutes around him, we are alike 

 driven to the conclusion, that, in his large and 

 well-developed brain, he possesses an organ quite 

 disproportioned to his requirements" (p. 343); 

 and he asks, " What is there in the life of the 

 savage but the satisfying of the cravings of ap- 

 petite in the simplest and easiest way ? What 

 thoughts, idea, or actions are there that raise him 

 many grades above the elephant or the ape ? " 

 (p. 342.) I answer Mr. Wallace by citing a re- 

 markable passage which occurs in his instructive 

 paper on " Instinct in Man and Animals." 



"Savages make long journeys in many directions, and, their 

 whole faculties being directed to the subject, they gain a wide 

 and accurate knowledge of the topography, not only of their 

 own district, but of all the regions round about. Every one 

 who has travelled in a new direction communicates his know- 

 ledge to those who have travelled less, and descriptions of routes 

 and localities, and minute incidents of travel, form one of the 

 main staples of conversation around the evening fire. Every 

 wanderer or captive from another tribe adds to the store of 



