OTHER THEORIES OF SPECIES-FORMING. 359 



"When Discovery matured it was found that his calves from 

 horned cows were all hornless. In 1893, a two-year-old bull and 

 six heifers were selected and brought to Atchison County, where 

 the experiment was carried on under the personal supervision of 

 Mr. Guthrie and with very encouraging results. 



"On October 31, 1898, Mr. Guthrie purchased at the Kansas City 

 Scott & Whitmann sale four purebred Hereford heifers. The calves 

 from these horned heifers by a descendant of Discovery were found 

 to be in every instance polled, only two showing scurs, scarcely 

 noticeable, and loose in the skin. A number of purebred Hereford 

 heifers were later obtained from the Funkhouser herd, and still 

 later others from the Armour herd, and equally good results were 

 obtained. 



"Eight head of polled Herefords were exhibited by Mr. Guthrie 

 at the Omaha Exposition, and, while these animals did not present 

 the finished appearance of modern show cattle, not having been 

 forced from date of birth, they attracted such attention that articles 

 on the herd were published in the newspapers and periodicals 

 throughout this country, and even in such far-away lands as Aus- 

 tralia and New Zealand. 



"The desirability of Herefords without horns, the one objection 

 which Hereford breeders had been willing to admit, becoming appa- 

 rent, other Hereford breeders began to take notice of an occasional 

 polled calf, freaks of nature as they were considered, appearing 

 in their herds, and soon a brisk demand for polled bulls developed, 

 animals being shipped as far north as South Dakota, and Wiscon- 

 sin, and as far south as Texas. Breeders in many instances have 

 reported that in their horned herds, after several years' breeding, 

 not a single calf had come with horns, and only occasionally would 

 slight scurs, loose in the skin, appear." . . . 



"In December, 1904, four head of polled Herefords from West 

 Virginia were exhibited at the International Live Stock Show at 

 Chicago in connection with horned Herefords, and during the past 

 season a larger number from the same State were exhibited through- 

 out the eastern circuit of fairs. At the American Royal Cattle 

 Show at Kansas City, last October, seven head from the original 

 herd were exhibited. As a result of these exhibits, many horned 

 Hereford breeders are now turning their attention to the subject of 

 breeding Herefords without horns, and so great has become the 

 demand for animals with which to start polled herds that at the 

 last meet of the National Polled Hereford Breeders' Association it 

 was found that the members were unable to supply enough young 

 bulls to meet the demand. 



"Quite a number of purebred Hereford calves, termed 'freaks' 



