FORESTRY LESSONS ON- HOME WOODLANDS. 41 



III. LEAVES SIMPLE, ALTERNATE, EDGE NEITHER TOOTHED NOB NOTCHED. 



A. Leaves with deep lobes. 



(1) Leaves with blunt ends (appearing as if cut off), and with two, 



pointed, side lobes. Flowers tulip-like. Fruit cone-like, pointed, 

 upright, composed of long, thin, overlapping, winged seeds. 

 Bruised twigs have a peppery odor_(Liriodendron) Tulip Poplar. 



(2) Leaves with rounded ends; oval, often with a lobe on one side, 



making the leaf mitten-shaped. Bruised twigs and inner bark of 

 trunk sweet-smelling (Sassafras) Sassafras. 



B. Leaves without lobes. 



(1) Bruised twigs with peppery odor. 



(a) Leaves oval (evergreen in one species) or elongated, 

 pointed, large. Flowers large, at ends of branches. 

 Fruit cone-like, with a bright red seed in each di- 

 vision (Magnolia) Magnolia. 



(2) Bruised twigs without peppery odor. 



(a) Leaves broader at top than at the base, 8 to 12 inches 

 long, with very short leafstalk. Fruit fleshy, elongated, 

 3 to 4 inches long, with thick, brown skin when ripe, 

 and large, bony, flat seeds. Buds brown and hairy. 



( Asimina) . Papaw. 

 (&) Leaves broadest at middle, oval, 3 to 10 inches long. 



(x) Fruit short-stalked, round, 1 to If inches in 

 diameter; when ripe pale orange color, sur- 

 rounded at base with old flower-cup; very 

 bitter, but edible after frost. 



(Diospyros) Persimmon. 



(#) Fruit long-stalked, elongated or round, solitary 

 or in pairs, with thin flesh and a rigid stone 



or seed (Nyssa) Gum. 



(c) Leaves rounded or heart-shaped, 3 to 5 inches across. 

 Flowers pea-like, pink, appearing before the leaves. 

 Fruit, a dry flat pod, 2 to 3 inches long; in dense 

 clusters on sides of branches ; seeds, hard, small, oblong, 

 i inch long (Cercis) Red bud. 



(3) Bruised or cut twigs and leaves with milky juice. 



(a) Leaves with narrow points. Twigs bearing thorns. Fruit, 

 a large, orange-like, rough ball, 4 to 6 inches in diame- 

 ter (Toxylon) Osage orange. 



IV. LEAVES SIMPLE, OPPOSITE, \VITH TOOTHED EDGES. 



A. Leaves with large (often lobe-like) teeth. Fruit in pairs, each part with a 

 conspicuous, flat, very thin wing. Fruit matures in spring or in autumn, 

 when it becomes dry and yellowish-brown (Acer) Maple. 



V. LEAVES SIMPLE, OPPOSITE, EDGES NEITHER TOOTHED NOR NOTCHED. 



A. Leaves very large, heart-shaped. Flowers showy, trumpet-like, in large 



clusters. Fruit, a long, cylindrical pod, 6 to 14 inches long, contain- 

 ing closely packed, flat, dry seeds, with fringed wings at each end. 



(Catalpa) Catalpa. 



B. Leaves rather small, oval, tapering at base and point. Flowers conspicuous, 



white (occasionally rosy), appearing with the expanding leaves. Fruit, 

 a small cluster of two-seeded berries, turning red in autumn. 



(Cornus) Dogwood. 



