52 



FORESTRY IN POLAND. 



supervision of the shrubs which is necessary, the quality 

 is poor, and the price low. 



' The depasturing of cattle in the forests, which is very 

 injurious to these, though prohibited, is practised almost 

 everywhere without permission. It was kept in check 

 before the insurrection by raising the charge for grazing 

 in the woods. It is to be hoped that this abuse will be 

 rectified, so far as is compatible with rights lawfully 

 acquired, so soon as the forests shall pass out of the 

 transition condition in which they have been for the last 

 five years. 



' The collection of moss, fallen leaves, and twigs, is car- 

 ried on chiefly through such acquired right ; but the right 

 is very limited, so the regulation of this presents fewer 

 difficulties than the limitation or prevention of the feeding 

 of cattle. 



'The leased woods are confined to a very few forests ; 

 the revenue derived from them is trifling, although it 

 might easily be increased. The sales by auction are only 

 of fellings for one year. 1 



' The following is a statement of the cubic forest income 

 and expenditure for the last three years : 



EXPENDITURE. 



a. For local forest management, insurance, 

 houses, and office expenses of the 

 Forest Administration, 

 6. Forest improvement and culture, - 



c. Forest section in offices of the several 



Governments, 



d. Salaries of officials in the Central Forest 



Administration, .... 



Total, 

 INCOME. 



a. Received from sale of wood, payments 



due but not paid, fines, and baliveaux, 



b. Accessory produce sales and arrears, 



465,499 

 18,268 



498,255 423,306 

 18,975 15,345 



Total, 483,767 517,230 483,651 



