150 FORESTRY IN LITHUANIA. 



an opportunity even at school to get acquainted with 

 present prices of produce of forest economy in different 

 localities, which might be of use in future to forest pro- 

 prietors. 



' The determination of the cost of preparing each assort- 

 ment is possible, if a stated number of working days necessary 

 for preparing such were fixed ; a similar, so to say task 

 allowance, should be taken as a general groundwork fjr all 

 estimates, and then the cost of a working day can be 

 determined by the official prices. 



' On these foundations estimates are determined easily and 

 correctly. Difficulties may occur only in such localities in 

 the governments of Volinia, Minsk, Moghilev, Kostroma, 

 and similar governments, as the market value of forest 

 materials is less than the cost of working days required 

 for felling and cartage. For instance, there are many 

 places where a fathom of wood in the market is 3 roubles 

 whereas in felling it two working days were employed, and 

 10 horse working days for carting the same, and for 12 

 days is received 5 roubles or 23 kopecs per day ; and whereas 

 in the same locality a workman receives 25 to 30 kopecs 

 per day, and a labourer with a horse 40 to 50 kopecs. In 

 such cases it is impossible to fix the value of forest materials 

 by the market prices. But such prices only prove that 

 the greatest part of forest materials that appear in the 

 market are acquired in the forest estates without the 

 consent of the proprietors. 



Remarks on the Wood Trade in the Government of Orel. 



' The north-west district of the Orel government, Briansk, 

 containing a large mass of forest as stated before, has 

 besides, this important privilege that by the rivers Dwina 

 and Bolva it is connected with the wooded parts of the 

 governments of Kaluga and Smolensk. The railway in 

 the course of construction near Briansk, and the river 

 Dwina, connects Briansk with places where there is a 

 scarcity of wood, by easy and cheap ways of communica- 



