LAKE ONEGA. 25 



The Olonetz chain of mountains, on the confines of the 

 Russian Government of the same name and of Finland, 

 constitute part of the watershed whence the waters flow 

 on the one side into the Baltic, and on the other into the 

 White Sea. In continuation of this chain on the north- 

 west are the mountains of Maanselka, extending from 

 Finland to Uleaborg, at the head of the Gulf of Bothnia; 

 and again, on the north-west of these, they are connected 

 with the Dofrines or Dovre-field, a name sometimes given 

 to the whole Scandinavian mountain system, but more 

 explicitly in application to that portion which, in latitude 

 62, 63 N., extends from Cape Stadtnaes to the Sylt- 

 Field, or Syll-Fiellen, in Norway, throughout its length, 

 dividing the bason of the Baltic from that of the White 

 Sea. 



The Government of Olonetz, bounded on the west by 

 the Grand Duchy of Finland and Lake Ladoga, is bounded 

 on the north and north-east by the Government of Arch- 

 angel, on the south-east by that of Vologda, on the south 

 by that of Novogorod, and on the south-west by that of 

 St. Petersburg ; it lies between 60 and 64 30' N. lat, and 

 29 40' and 41 40' E. long., measuring 390 miles in length 

 from N.W. to S.E. and about 300 miles at its greatest 

 breadth, with an area of 51,100 square miles. With the 

 exception of the range of hills on its north-west boundary, 

 the surface of the Government is generally level, but inter- 

 spersed with undulating hills. It comprises districts form- 

 ing portions of the basins of three far-separated seas the 

 White Sea, the Baltic, and the Caspian. In the first- 

 mentioned, the north and east of the Government, is Lake 

 Latcha, in which the Onega river and Lakes Sego and Viga 

 have their sources, and in which are numerous sheets of 

 water of smaller dimensions ; in the second are Lakes Onega 

 and Ladoga, the principal tributaries of which are the 

 Yodla and the Vitegra; and in the third is the Kovja. 



Lake Latcha is about 24 miles in length from north to 

 south, and 8 in breadth. It receives the waters of the 

 Soid ; and gives origin to the river Onega, flowing to the 



