Tree Growing 



99 



"One half-pound of hard soap is shaved fine into one gallon 

 of hot soft water and stirred until dissolved. Two gallons of 

 kerosene (coal oil) are then added and 

 the mixture immediately churned vio- 

 lently until a thick, creamy emulsion 

 is produced. This churning is best 

 done with a bucket pump, putting the 

 nozzle back into the bucket. The stock 

 emulsion which is obtained when the 

 mixture is properly made, will keep for 

 months if covered from the air. For 



use on plant foliage it must be diluted Fia ' 7- -Force Pump for 



Spraying Trees, 

 with water at the rate of one part of 



the stock solution well mixed in from 9 to 1 2 parts of soft water. 

 "Stock emulsion: 



Laundry soap -J pound 



Soft water (hot) i gallon 



Kerosene (coal-oil) .... 2 gallons 



" Diluted spray : 



Stock solution i gallon 



Water 9 to 1 2 gallons as required 



"Whale-oil or Fish-oil is used for the same purpose as kerosene 

 emulsion. It may be employed against plant lice at the rate of 

 one pound dissolved in from four to six gallons of water. Its 

 unpleasant odour makes this insecticide less desirable for use on 

 shade trees. 



"Tobacco Extracts. Several valuable preparations of nico- 

 tine may be obtained from dealers in insecticides. "Nikoteen" 

 and "Black Leaf 40" are among the best of these, and are very 

 effective in controlling plant lice. Soap should always be added 

 to the diluted spray at the rate of about one pound to forty 

 gallons." 



