Leading Articles in the Reviews. 



TURKEY AND ITALY. 



AFTER THE DELIVERANCE. 



The Future of Turkey. 

 In the first September number of La Revue 

 General Cherif Pasha writes once more on 

 Turkey and the future of the Ottoman Empire. 



THE COMMITTEE AND THE ARMY. 



The article, which is entitled " After the 

 Deliverance," begins by explaining that the war 

 In Tripoli has for some time been relegated to 

 the second place in Turkey owing to the conflict 

 between the Army and the Union and Progress 

 Committee. The coming into power of the 

 Committee is compared to an invasion of bar- 

 barians who have not ceased to treat the Otto- 

 man Empire as a conquered country. The 

 Army, profoundly indignant at the devastating 

 tyranny of the Committee, feels it can no longer 

 tolerate this Internal enemy, which it considers 

 more formidable ' than any external enemy. 

 Destined to defend the country, the Army recog- 

 nises that it must see to it that it is not 

 destroyed in its own land. The Committee has 

 been quite unscrupulous in the use it has made 

 of the officers to suppress a political adversary 

 or to intimidate the people at election times — in 

 a word, to consolidate its own tyranny over the 

 ruins of the regime. With this end in view the 

 Committee encouraged politics in the Army, and 

 now it is reaping what it has sown. 



A CAMPAIGN AGAINST THE COMMITTEE. 



For over three years the writer has been 

 carrj-ing on a campaign against the Committee. 

 .'\11 along he has shown what the end of the 

 Committee would be, but he has been treated as 

 a prophet of evil. He has been accused of want 

 of patriotism for saying what he thought when 

 he was in a foreign country. Rut in Turkey 

 could he have spoken out so freely? A shot 

 from a revolver would probably soon have put 

 an end to anything he might have had to say 

 displeasing to' the Committee. He worked with 

 the Committee for six months at Constantinople, 

 and soon discovered they were merely continuing 

 the rdgime of Abdul Hnmid. " Either you 

 change vour line of action or 1 resign," said 

 Cherif Pasha to the Committee. In his letter 

 of resignation he specified certain conditions the 

 acceptance of which alone would make him 

 change his mind : — 



The Committee was to renounce its occult character 

 and to give up mixinp; itself in the afTairs of State. 



It was to forbid the Army to concern itself with 



politics. • t u 1 . 



Elections were to take place IcKally and with absolute 

 freedom. 



The Committee was to abandon the project of Turkey- 

 fying the country. 



ABOVE REPROACH. 



The writer proceeds to tell of the grotesque 

 ceremony of initiation into the Committee, of the 

 secret sittings and the exclusion of the Press at 

 the general congresses at Salonlca, and of the 

 hostile journalists who were assassinated, and 

 asks who gave the orders for assassination and 

 who were the instruments of the ci-imes? With 

 regard to interference in State affairs, the Com- 

 mittee professes to be above reproach; but we 

 are Informed that it caused the deputies to be 

 nominated from its own party, and that it has 

 agents everywhere, even at the Court. As to 

 permitting the Army to concern itself with poli- 

 tics, the writer says' the Committee is absolutely 

 Incapable of sincerity, and therefore its pro- 

 fessions of having taken action in the inntter are 

 not to be believed. At the recent elections there 

 were all sorts of illegalities practised— fraud, 

 violence, etc. Then the Committee had desired 

 lo shape the Empire in its own image, but the 

 country has revolted in Arabia, Macedonia, 

 Albania, etc. The excessive centralisation 

 which was attempted has provoked nothing but 

 general discontent. 



PERFECT IN ORGANISATION. 



Dealing with the administration of the Com- 

 mittee, the writer says It is no better than its 

 policy. In the choice of officials blind submis- 

 sion to the most anti-patriotic orders of the 

 Cominittee has been a foremost qualification. 

 The officials were the servants of the Committee 

 and not the servants of the country, and in their 

 respective spheres they have provoked nothing 

 but hatred among the different races of the Em- 

 pire. Speaking of the present Cabinet, the 

 writer points oiit that its greatest defect is lack 

 of proper understanding among the members. 

 Without cohesion In its composition it must be 

 incoherent in its actions. Unmindful of its 

 origin it has humiliated itself before a Chamber 

 elected by the most unheard-of fraud and vio- 

 lence. The Government which ought to estab- 

 lish order is itself the personification of disorder, 

 but the Committee, whose aim seems to be to 

 spread disorder everywhere, is, notwithstanding 

 Its defeat, the only force perfectly organised. 

 Defeated for the moment by the Military 

 League, the Albanian rising, and the revolt of 

 public opinion, its organisation remains intact. 



FRIENDSHIP TO BE PRACTISED. 



What the country needs is a Cabinet more 

 homogeneous than that of Mukhtar Pasha. The 

 people must feel that they are being governed 



