THE REIN-DEER. 461 



to the south over all the principal mountain-chains it extends 

 across nearly the whole of that continent, its limits in that 

 direction appearing to be about the parallel of Quebec, but it 

 is most numerous between 63 and 66 ; passing westward it 

 seems to be unknown in the islands between America and Asia, 

 but is again more or less abundant in Kamschatka, Siberia, 

 Northern Russia, Sweden, Norway, Finland, and Lapland. 

 The Baltic forms its southern limit in Europe 5 in Asia, 

 however, it extends along the Ural chain to the front of the 

 Caucasus. Again crossing the ocean, the rein- deer is found 

 in Spitzbergen, Greenland, Newfoundland, and Iceland. In 

 the latter country they were introduced about sixty years ago, 

 and though they have become plentiful on the mountains, they 

 are not domesticated or much sought after by the inhabitants. 



The animal is found to be of larger size the nearer its habitat 

 is to the Pole, and to be reduced in size in the southern regions. 

 Those of Norway and Sweden are of small stature in com- 

 parison with those of Finmark and Lapland, which are also 

 much smaller than those of Spitzbergen and the polar climes. 

 The bucks of the 'smaller American variety, when plump, weigh 

 from ninety to a hundred and thirty pounds, exclusive of the 



