46-t THE REIN-DEER. 



inconvenience, and brings with it their special plagues their 

 peculiar gadflies. When suffering from the irritation produced 

 by the gadfly maggot gnawing into their skin, they rush madly 

 into the sea, and they appear to find some relief under water. 

 Hence many of the Laplanders keep near the shores of the Icy 

 Sea during summer, and only return to the interior about 

 September. 



The female rein-deer produces her young about the end of 

 May, and she is very affectionate towards it. 



Every part of the rein-deer is useful to the Laplanders. 

 They eat the flesh, drink the milk and the blood. Of its sinews 

 they make harness, cordage, and threads ; and of its bones and 

 antlers, furniture and ornaments. Its furry skin forms the 

 clothing of all the arctic inhabitants, and Dr. Richardson 

 assures us that a suit of this kind is so impervious to cold 

 that, with the addition of a blanket of the same material, any 

 one thus clothed may bivouac on the snow with safety, in the 

 most intense cold of an arctic winter's night. 



THE STAG, OR RED DEER. (Cervus elephus, Linn.) 



The most noble of our native mammals is certainly the stag, 

 or as Scott poetically terms it 



" The antler'd monarch of the waste." 



In Scotland red deer are still numerous in a wild state. They 

 inhabit Mar forest and Glenartney - 9 and there are considerable 

 numbers in the west parts of Ross and Sutherland. They 

 are most abundant in the central Grampians and in Atholl 

 forest, which is a large tract of a hundred thousand acres set 

 apart for them, and where no person is allowed to intrude, 



