THE COMMON OX. 545 



several months, and gave at one time a full quart of genuine 

 milk, which, on being kept for thirty hours, threw up a good 

 coat of cream, and this on being churned in a bottle produced 

 as much and as good butter as any other cow's cream would 

 have done by similar means. In the Durham Chronicle, June 

 30, 1837, the Rev. Mr. Douglas, of Trimdom, in that county, 

 was stated to have had, at that time, a two-year old Alderney 

 heifer, giving six quarts of milk daily. Old cows generally 

 give more milk than the younger ones, hence the proverb, 

 " old kine and more milk, young hens and more eggs.'* In 

 England, the cattle are milked only twice a-day; but in 

 Belgium and Holland, they are milked thrice a day, and the 

 milk, being generally kept in zinc pans, instead of earthen 

 or wooden vessels, throws up more cream. In most countries 

 the milk is drunk ; but according to a traveller in Sumatra, 

 the natives of that country have the same aversion to milk 

 and every preparation from it, as the Javanese -, and he adds 

 that " a chief, being asked whether he would take milk with 

 his tea, indignantly replied that he was not a baby."* With a 

 matter obtained from the cow, we perform vaccination, giving 

 the cow-pock as a preventive of that loathsome and disfiguring 

 disease, the small-pock.f An oil, much used in dressing and 

 cleaning coach trappings and harness, is obtained from the 

 leg-bones of cattle. Glue is obtained from the ears and hoofs. 

 Prussiate of potash, a beautiful yellow salt, extensively used 

 by calico-printers to produce fine blues and greens, is prepared 

 by burning the hoofs and horns in iron-pots, along with a 



* Asiatic Journal (1823), vol. xv. p 455. 



f Because a few instances have occurred of persons having been attacked 

 with small-pox some years after they had been vaccinated (perhaps unskilfully, 

 or imperfectly), Mr. John Herapath is pleased to call it " a medical humbug," 

 and all those who have faith in it " credulous blockheads," adding that such 

 is the opinion of all the " respectable " part of the profession, and that the 

 " thinking " part are determined to protect the world from the small-pox by 

 inoculation. I believe he will find that inoculation has been prohibited, and 

 vaccination encouraged by act of parliament. His denunciation of Jenner's 

 " impudent assertions," as he terms them, enriches the pages of the Railway 

 Magazine of December 1837, and of May 1838. 



2 N 



