kept ver}' clean, and must be dressed with a solution of carbolic acid (i in 25 

 of water) or other antiseptic. Such ointments as are called digesti^•e are in 

 certain cases veiy useful. 



In malignant strangles antiseptic medicines, taken internally, are very 

 valuable. We may mention sulphite of sodium especially. These cases are 

 of too severe a nature to be undertaken by other than professional men. 



As the fever of strangles abates, tonics and stimulants are required to 

 restore strength ; and they are required where the animal is much debilitated, 

 even ver)^ early in the progress of the malady. The form given in influenza 

 as a tonic mixture will likewise prove valuable in this disease. 



GLANDERS AND FARCY. 



Glanders was described in very early times by Aristotle and \'egetius, and 

 we read of it as far back as the time of Constantine the Great. It is said to 

 be absent in Australia and rare in India, not breaking out unless it be 

 imported from other countries. It is, for the most part, a disease of temperate 

 climates, and is well known in Norway and Java, and not unfrequentl)- it 

 breaks out at the Cape of Good Hope. Dr. Fleming has witnessed the ravages 

 caused by this dread malady in Northern China as well as in Shanghai. 



Glanders is a highly contagious and malignant fever, which, though 

 especially affecting the horse tribe, is also readily transmissible to man, sheep, 

 goats, felines, and rodent animals, as rats and mice. Cattle, pigs, and fowls 

 fortunately cannot be inoculated with the poison of this awful disease. 



Glanders, of all diseases to which the horse is liable, is at once the one 

 most peculiar to the equine tribe, and at the same time the one most justly 

 dreaded. It may break out in four different forms : acute glanders, chronic 

 glanders, acute farcy, and chronic farcy, and may assume veiy different 

 degrees of severity. In the Crimean War glanders broke out in a ver>' fatal 

 and malignant form, and caused ver}^ serious ravages among the horses. 



Of all the causes which predispose this noble animal to these various 

 forms of glanders none are more potent than defective sanitaiy conditions, 

 such as overcrowding, insufficient ventilation, bad drainage, and bad general 

 management. It is well known — indeed it has been abundantly witnessed, 

 that horses crowded together in camps or on board ship during long voyages, 

 are especially prone to attack by this disease, owing to the deficient ventilation 

 and want of fresh air. Nothing is more poisonous to any animal or man than 

 breathing over again air vitiated by his own exhalations. How often have we 

 read of the numbers of victims in the days of the slave trade from 

 overcrowding on board ship, and the case- of the Black Hole at Calcutta is 

 familiar to every one. Out of the 146 prisoners, 123 died in one night, and 

 several of the survivors afterwards succumbed to putrid fever. It should 

 always be remembered that a due supply of fresh air is quite as necessary- in 

 the case of animals as in man for the preservation of a healthy condition. 



Debilitating influences, such as old age, bad food, o\er-work, and lastly 

 exhausting diseases, also predispose the horse to the fatal malady in question.. 



