resemblance, are nevertheless quite distinct, are very siniilnr. In almost all 

 instances they break out after or during some weakening disease, more 

 especially influenza and strangles, and are in almost all cases traceable to 

 bad drainage or insufficient ventilation, or to both these causes. Our 

 readers will no doubt easily understand that when animals suffering from 

 influenza or other debilitating diseases, such as strangles, are -.closely 

 confined in ill-ventilated and badly-drained stables, and are made to inhale 

 the products of their own excreta, and to breathe over and over again the 

 air contaminated by the exhalations of their bodies, they become still more 

 weakened, and fall a ready prey to these eruptive fevers. Purpura and 

 scarlet fever very rarely occur as primary diseases, but, as we have said, 

 nearly always follow some other debilitating disease, and in most instances 

 their causation depends upon bad hygienic conditions. 



Horses sent to work too quickly after attacks of influenza and strangles 

 not unfrequently develop purpura or scarlet fever in consequence of the 

 strain put upon them in their enfeebled condition. Again, in some 

 instances, purpura or scarlet fever breaks out in previously healthy horses, 

 merely as the result of bad hj^gienic conditions, and the non-observance of 

 the ordinary rules of health. We have had many severe cases of purpura 

 in cart horses ; but in most instances the disease followed influenza, Avhich 

 had been greatly neglected and carelessly managed. 



Sometimes, we must remember, influenza is of a very severe type, and 

 so weakens the animal and poisons the blood, that, even where the 

 hygienic conditions are pretty good, nevertheless scarlet fever develops. 

 In some cases it manifests itself after an attack of influenza in horses whose 

 constitutions are bad. 



We will now speak of the symptoms, first of purpura, then of scarlet 

 fever. Usually, in purpura, the first noticeable symptom is the sudden 

 appearance of local swellings in different parts of the body — in the limbs, 

 belly, head, but more especially around the nostrils, mouth, and loAver parts 

 of the face. In a severe case under our treatment, the disease began with 

 huge swellings of all four limbs, which were so hot and painful that the 

 animal, a valuable six-year-old cart horse, could not stand for more than a 

 few minutes at a time. Large bluish-black spots of the size of half-a-crown 

 appeared about the end of the nose, and the membrane lining the inside of 

 the nostrils was of a bluish-black hue. Sometimes we may see little purplish 

 patches in this situation, but they gradually coalesce together, and become 

 more darkly coloured. There was a great flow of saliva from the mouth, 

 and a blood-stained serous fluid oozed from the nostrils. These swellings in 

 purpura terminate abruptly, that is to say, they do not shade insensibly away. 

 They are tense, hot, and painful, and are due to the exuding of blood and 

 serous fluid into the tissues. Little blebs of about the size of peas appear 

 in most cases on the lower parts of the limbs, around the hocks and fetlock 

 joints, and after a time they burst and discharge an amber-coloured serous 

 fluid. The pulse in the case mentioned was very feeble, and varied in 

 number from loo — i-o beats per minute, and the tcmpoature remained for 



