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tetanus, no one, unfortunately, can in particular be regarded as a specific. 

 Moreover, some drugs recommended by some practitioners are not advocated- 

 by others. In all cases professional aid is necessary. A moderate dose of 

 some purgative should be given in the first place, and the bowels afterwards 

 kept open by a laxative diet of mashes and oatmeal gruel. Three or four 

 drachms of aloes, or two drachms of calomel, may be given in the first place. 

 Chloral hydrate, in doses of two to four drachms, may be administered three 

 times daily in the water. It is not advisable to give drenches, as these 

 annoy the animal in most instances ; but remedies should be given in the 

 water, or by clysters in the form of powders, or, lastly, by injection under 

 the skin. In the latter method, morphia may be administered. Tobacco 

 was found very useful in tetanus by the late Mr. D. Gresswell, and Mr. 

 Charles Gresswell, of Nottingham, also advocates its administration. We 

 also very strongly recommend it as the most valuable of all remedies in 

 lock-jaw. The spine may be rubbed with the compound liniment of 

 belladonna three times daily. It is very important in tetanus that the 

 attendant be as quiet and kind to his charge as possible. He should always 

 keep oatmeal or linseed gruel by the animal, and if it be impossible to take 

 in sufficient nutriment in this manner, nutrient clysters are necessary. 



RHEUMATISM. 



Rheumatism assumes three different forms — acute, chronic, and muscular.. 

 Acute rheumatism is a constitutional fever characterised by special tendency 

 to inflammation of certain parts, viz., the joints, the coverings of the muscles 

 and of the " tendons " or " leaders," as they are sometimes called, and finally 

 of the serous covering of the heart, and of its inner lining membrane. 

 These inflammations have, as in man, a remarkable tendency to dissapear 

 suddenly from one part and to reappear in another, without any apparent 

 cause whatever. 



Before speaking of the symptoms by which we may recognise the acute 

 form of this malady, we may say a few words regarding the nature and 

 the causes of all the varieties of rheumatism generally. Rheumatism is a 

 general disease, the immediate cause of which is said to be some poisonous 

 substance circulating in the blood. This poison is believed to be an acid. No 

 acid, has, however, been detected in the blood. It seems not at all unlikely 

 that rheumatism will eventually prove like so many other diseases of which 

 we have already treated — to be due to some living germ or fungus • 

 circulating in the system. 



The exciting causes of rheumatism are exposure to cold and wet, 

 exposure to sudden chills, damp, and general bad hygienic conditions. It 

 has been observed, as in man, that certain animals of the equine tribe are 

 more pre-disposed to this malady than others, owing to a constitutional 

 tendency or " rheumatic diathesis,'^ as it is termed in medical language. 

 Rheumatism is more common in some districts than in others, and is more 



