suddenly, and moves the bead from side to side, or up and down. .Sonietinies. 

 the horse turns its head to one side. The vessels of the face and throat are- 

 engorged, the eyes stare, the nostrils are widely opened, and the breathing isr 

 rapid. The skin may be bedewed with perspiration, and the muscles of the 

 face twitch convulsively. If the collar causing the obstruction be removed,, 

 the symptoms abate, and the animal soon recovers. When the symptoms- 

 are very severe, there is great excitement, the convulsions become still more 

 marked, and the animal falls prostrate to the ground. 



It is necessary first to remove the collar, to permit of the return of the 

 blood to the heart, and then to apply cold water to the head. When we 

 have reason to suspect that the affection depends upon indigestion, this must 

 be treated as we have already directed. When the neck is peculiarly shaped,, 

 it may be necessary to use a breast strap, instead of a collar. Mad staggers 

 is nearly always due to inflammation of the brain, though frenzy or 

 uncontrollable fury may be one of the symptoms of rabies, and sometimes- 

 has been thought to come on as a result of acute indigestion. 



MAI) STAC.GERS, OR INFLAMMATION OF TIIK URAIX, 

 OR ENCEPHALITIS, OR I'HRENITLS. 



Ixi LA.M.MATIOX of the brain is a rare disease in the horse, and is usually 

 due to direct injury, such as a blow on the head, but may also be caused by 

 great exhaustion or exposuie to the rays of the sun. Sometimes the symptom:^ 

 are very sudden, consisting in great excitement with convulsions, followed. 

 by a stage of depression. At other times, the stage of excitement is absent.- 

 In these cases, the animal is very intolerant of its head being handled, or 

 pressed upon, and the skin and mouth are hotter than natural. The eyes, 

 are staring, and the pupils contracted, though in the later stages of the 

 disease they become widely dilated. The pulse is quickened, and the horse 

 moves to and fro sullenly, and his body is sometimes bedewed with 

 perspiration. Occasionally muscular twitchings and general or local 

 insensibility are manifested. 



The stage of excitement is of variable duration, and tlie symptoms, 

 manifested in it differ widely in intensity. It is followed by the stage of 

 depression. Cases of inflanimation of the brain call for all the care of the 

 scientific veterinarian, and it is therefore impossible for the amateur to take- 

 such cases in hand. lUeeding is indicated when the fever is high, and the 

 excitement very great. Cenerally from two to three quarts of blood may be 

 removed. A full dose of aloes should be given in the first instance — say five- 

 to seven drachms, according to the size of the animal. Locally, ice or cloths 

 steened in cold water or some evaporating lotion (alcohol one part, solution of 

 subacetate of lead one part, water eight parts), should be applied to the head 

 durin*'- the stage of excitement. The animal should be remo\ed from ail 

 noises, and kept as strictly quiet as possible. The diet should be light and 

 nutritious. If the annnal continues to drink, two drachms of bromide of 



