119 



biting through the skin, and leading to tlic exudation of fluid, which forms 

 large scabs. This variety of mange is not so contagious as the previous 

 ones. 



We may now consider the treatment of the \arious kinds of mange» 

 In the first place, the horses affected should be isolated from the healthy ones* 

 After cleansing thoroughly with soft soap and warm water, the affected parts 

 may be smeared over with sulphur ointment twice daily. A still more 

 efficient ointment for the cure of mange we may append from the "Veterinary 

 Pharmacology and Therapeutics." It is made of one ounce of ointment of 

 sulphur, one ounce of ointment of sta\esacre, one drachm of white precipitate 

 of mercury, and twenty drops of carbolic acid or creosote. This ointment we 

 have found very efficient. Professor Williams, in his excellent work on 

 veterinary surgery, recommends the following ointment as most effective : — Of 

 powdered stavesacre two ounces, of lard eight ounces, of olive oil one ounce. 

 Mix and digest at ioo° in a sand bath, and strain. 



In addition to dressing the diseased parts of the skin, it will be necessary 

 to cleanse very carefully the clothing and fittings of the affected animal. 

 The rugs may be steeped in boiling water, to which has been added soft 

 soap and carbolic acid. The fittings should also be thoroughly washed and 

 cleansed with warm water and a solution of carbolic acid. Williams 

 recommends that the harness, saddle, and grooming utensils should be 

 washed with soap and warm water, and afterwards with a solution made of 

 ten grains of corrosive sublimate to each ounce of water. This substance, 

 however, is very poisonous, and if used must be employed with great 

 caution. 



The horse, in addition to being attacked by scab, is also"^ liable to be 

 attacked by lice or pediculi. These insects occasion very violent itching, 

 which increases at night. This disease is termed poultry lousiness, because 

 it is from ill-kept poultry that the insects gain access to the stable. This 

 disease — which is easily cured when the cause is remedied by removing the 

 poultr)^ and cleaning the stable — is characterised by the eruption of a number 

 of small blebs on the skin. These cause the hair to fall off in little round 

 patches, about the size of a pea or bean. In these cases all that is necessary 

 is to remove the cause, cleanse the hen-houses, whitewash the stable, and wash 

 the animal with a solution made by boiling one ounce of stavesacre seeds in 

 a quart or so of water. 



RINGWORM. 

 Ringworm is a disease of the skin caused by the growth of vegetable 

 parasites, belonging to the order of the fungi. These little plants, of lowly 

 form and structure, are of two varieties, and give rise to two apparently 

 somewhat similar, but nevertheless really different, forms of ringworm. As, 

 however, the treatment of the two diseases is in the main similar, the 

 diagnosis is not a matter of great moment. 



■The first variety of parasite causes the ordinary or common ringworm 

 known as tinea tonsurans, a very common disease in man and in the 



