164 DISEASES OF THE HORSE. 



the moisture it contains is great in quantity, and is con- 

 verted from a sweet and nutritious substance into a sour 

 and acidulous fluid, not unlike vinegar or acetic acid. 

 The acid so formed within the clover leaf and stem, is 

 pressed out by the act of mastication or chewing stimu- 

 lating the fauces of the mouth and the salivary glands to 

 such an extent as to tax the substance of the body to 

 supply saliva to meet an enormous demand. Hence, the 

 weakness and loss of flesh of horses so fed. 

 Sand Cracks, — (See Foot Diseases.) 



Sanious Pus. — Pus mixed with water and blood ; — 

 unhealthy pus. 



Scalds. — (See Burns.) 



Scald Mouth. — (See Mouth Diseases.) 



Scarlatina. — A disease newly discovered in light- 

 colored horses, attended by sore throat, as in man, and 

 with slight fever and dry skin — the glands of the neck are 

 slightly swollen, and in about two days the lining mem- 

 brane within the nose and lips become studded with scar- 

 let spots of the size of a garden pea, which run together. 

 As before stated, in light bay horses will be seen patches 

 from which the hair falls ofi", and is replaced by a coat of 

 a lighter color, thus making the animal look as if he had 

 had an attack of varioloid or small-pox. Scarlatina is 

 an eruptive fever, running a fixed and definite course, 

 and is closely allied to purpura, influenza and strangles, 

 (all of which see.) 



Treatment. — Place the horse in a cool place, and give 

 small doses of aconite followed by gentian and carbonate 

 of ammonia. In a few days iron may be added. (See 

 Medicines.) 



Scratches. — (See Grease and Phagadena.) 



