334 DISEASES OF CATTLE. 



to drink, so that its mechanical effects may be taken 

 advantage of by assisting to wash, dilute and moisten 

 the dry mass. Give strong purgatives. Epsom salts, 

 one pound ; table salt, half a pound ; oil of croton, fif- 

 teen drops ; mix, and give in one dose, in fully a gallon 

 of water, for be it remembered that cattle should have 

 all medicines given in large fluids, and it is more impera- 

 tively demanded in cases like this, where so much depends 

 upon fluids. If twenty-four hours pass by without any 

 efi'ect from the salts, repeat the same dose with an addi- 

 tion of two ounces of the spirits of turpentine. Purga- 

 tive medicine will now be stopped here, whether they 

 have been of any efi'ect or not. So long as the animal 

 does not seem stupid or the brain be not afi'ected, there 

 are still hopes that recovery may reward our labors. 



Jaundice. — This is a common disease in the ox, 

 from the fact he is supplied with a gall bladder, and gall 

 in great quantity. Jaundice may be properly called 

 biliary intoxication, or distribution of bile throughout 

 the whole circulation of the body. 



Causes. — Closure of the biliary ducts in the liver, and 

 the consequent absorption of the bile into the stomach. 

 The bile duct may be closed from gall stones. 



Symptoms. — In white-skin oxen, jaundice is seen at 

 once from their yellow-colored skin. In dark colored 

 animals we will be satisfied to examine the lining of the 

 mouth, nose and eyes, for this yellow appearance. In 

 addition to these signs, we have dullness, costiveness, and 

 the dung is of a whitish or straw colored look. If the 

 symptoms be not very prominent, the animal may be 

 left with safety, to the powers of nature, which will be 

 assisted by giving slop food, or placing the animal upon 

 bare pasture for a few days. If the case be more of an 



