344 DISEASES OP CATTLE. 



perceived by the farmer, till effusions of fluid are poured 

 into the chest in considerable quantities, and interfering 

 with the movements of the lungs, and consequently the 

 breathing or respiration then — and then only does the 

 farmer observe that the animal is sick. The presence of 

 irritation in the windpipe can be detected by placing the 

 ear close to the wind-pipe, previously tightening the skin 

 upon it, when a slight grating sound is heard. The 

 immediate effects of irritation of the wind-pipe of the 

 cow, is a slight discharge of an acrid fluid, of the ap- 

 pearance of water, from the corners of the eyes and nose, 

 which is, however, sometimes so slight that ordinary per- 

 sons fail to see it, and if they did — would attach no 

 importance to it, and so the first, and most important 

 time and symptoms is passed by uncared for, unheeded 

 and unchecked. The next and important symptom is a 

 half involuntary cough, or rather a 'husking sound, not 

 the clear cough which horses give, when similarly 

 affected. When cough is heard, it may then be said the 

 incubative stage has passed away. I have said incuba- 

 tive, although not believing in such an existence, if it be 

 not in the passive condition of the minds of men, who give 

 credence to such a theory. Milk is now small in quantity, 

 thin and blue, cough more loud and oftener, breathing 

 quick and laboured, accompanied with a c/runt, rumina- 

 tion is irregular, and the appetite precarious. Such then 

 are the sypmptoms that may be seen by the ordinary 

 observer. Auscultation and percussion applied to the 

 sides of the chest, are not to be relied upon by persons 

 who are not accustomed to the chest murmurs, or sounds 

 in health and diseases. Animals in good condition rally 

 from the attack and get well, without assistance from 

 medicine or art. In weak and low conditioned animals, 



