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they are really friends to the community — friends to the 

 animals with four legs, as well as to the owners of horses 

 themselves, who are supposed only to have two legs. There- 

 fore societies for prevention of cruelty to animals ought to 

 receive encouragement from every noble and patriotic 

 citizen. 



Some people, in their simplicity, suppose that glanders is 

 merely a local disease situated in the frontial sinuses, and 

 hence sending out a discharge through the nostrils. I trust 

 that what has been said already, as well as what follows, 

 may dispel that illusion. 



Symptoms. — The signs and symptoms of this filthy dis- 

 order in its earlier stage are not very prominent. The 

 chronic form is most insidious and slow in its operations ; 

 here we have no violent and visible manifestations of its 

 ravages. An animal having this form of the disease may 

 live for two years, and might possibly be the cause of spread- 

 ing its virus and extending its deadly effects to a thousand 

 horses, which might all be dead in a few weeks, while the 

 poor brute itself lingers on to a slow but certain death. 

 Only one animal in eight or ten contracts the disease directly 

 by contagion ; this calculation has been arrived at after long 

 and patient examination. When they do it assumes the 

 acute form of glanders, and as a general rule the creature 

 dies within a week or ten days after ulceration of the mucous 

 membrane of the nostrils becomes visible. 



The constitutional disturbance and symptoms are mostly 

 the same for both, only intensified in the acute form. We 

 have already said that the inflammation connected with 

 glanders is no ordinary, but a specific inflammation; it is 

 slow in its ravages, as well as destructive to every tissue, 

 and it is impossible to repair them. Ordinary inflammation, 

 say of mucous membrane, ends in suppuration and the for- 

 mation of pus, which, when finally absorbed, the patient 

 regains its health. Not so, however, with this species. The 

 constitution is so dreadfully depressed and debilitated that 



