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the lymph poured out as the effects of this inflammation 

 partakes of the faulty state of the system, is weak and dete- 

 riorated — unfit for organization, unfit even for the formation 

 of healthy pus. It irritates and inflames every tissue with 

 which it is in contact, and causes irregular sores with 

 indented edges, which discharge thin, irritating pus; these 

 are called ulcers, which is the effect of molecular death. 

 From this short explanation it can easily be understood that 

 as this inflammation extends there is found in its track 

 abscesses and ulceration of the mucous membrane of the 

 skin, the lungs, the glands, and even of the bones. 



Having very briefly and imperfectly explained the nature 

 and general symptoms of glanders, a few words on the more 

 visible and minute signs and appearances which the disease 

 manifests. 



Most horsemen look on the membrane of the nostrils for 

 the first symptoms of this disorder, but the ulceration may 

 be situated so high up as to defy all our efforts to distinguish 

 it. The discharge from the nose may also mislead, for that 

 is common to many diseases. The first discharge is scarcely 

 noticeable, and generally flows from one of the nostrils ; at 

 first it is a slight watery defluxion ; this changes to a copious 

 transparent excretion ; then to the third or formation of 

 unhealthy pus, which has generally no perceptible simile ; 

 and lastly to the ulcerative stage. The membrane, when 

 ' thus affected, is found to be covered with straw-colored 

 ' ulcers. " Previous to any discharge the membrane in the 

 I first instance is thickened, and the neighboring lymphatic 

 glands and vessels are enlarged and painful. One or more 

 minute pustules appear, first of a red and afterwards of a 

 yellow color, and commonly situated on the vascular septum 

 nasi. After a time they burst, and the pus escaping leaves 

 a hole or ulcer, with rugged, thickened, inflamed, undeter- 

 mined edges. The ulcer discharges a sticky, greenish, un- 

 healthy pus. This ulceration, once begun, goes on until the 

 membrane is destroyed and the system poisoned by the 



