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or mismanagement. The amount of horse property from 

 these causes alone which is annually lost to the country is 

 beyond the belief of persons not conversant with the subject. 

 In human surgery the proverb is not more true than in horse 

 practice, that — 



" For want of timely care millions have died of medicable wovmds." 

 " L'occasion est urgente, le jugement difficile." 



Lameness in General. — Lameness, as a symptom of dis- 

 ease, may exist either in the fore or hind legs, anywhere from 

 the shoulder or hip to the foot, although it is more frecpiently 

 seen in the fore than in the hind legs. This is true, espe- 

 cially when the lameness is a mere local injury, and not the 

 result of constitutional derangement in such diseases as in- 

 fluenza or spinal meningitis. The various degrees of lame- 

 ness have received, in horsemen's language, the following 

 names : 



Local defects or injuries, 



Tenderness, 

 Stiffness, 

 Lameness, 

 Dead lame, 

 Broken down. 



When the lameness arises from constitutional derangement 

 they call it weakness ; it is caused by pain often of the most 

 intense kind. When a horse walks lame he must suffer the 

 most intense agony. 



It is no easy matter sometimes to find out which limb the 

 lameness is in, especially wherf it is a slight lameness. This 

 is best discovered by putting the animal to a sharp trot to 

 and from the person examining the animal. When the limb 

 so lamed is found by the action of the horse, the seat of the 

 injury may be discovered while he is at rest. When lame- 

 ness is in either one or both of the fore feet there is a pecu- 

 liar nodding or dipping of the head at every step, so that a 

 person sitting in the back of a car, where he can only see 

 the top or ears of the animal's head, can say directly that 

 horse is lame. When the lameness is in either or both hind 



