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SIDE-BONES 



Are hard swellings, situated immediately above the quarters 

 and heels, and resulting from the conversion into bone of 

 the elastic lateral cartilages. They occur either on one or 

 both sides, or in one or both limbs, and are most common 

 in heavy draught horses with upright pasterns. Unless when 

 of rapid growth, they seldom cause lameness. 



Treatment, — Ringbones and Side-bones require the 

 same treatment as splints and other bony enlargement, 

 namely, cold applications, kept up steadily until heat and 

 tenderness are removed, and succeeded by blisters or firing. 



WINDGALLS 



Are soft puffy swellings, varying from the size of a marble to 

 that of a walnut, found in the neighborhood of the fetlocks, 

 depending upon the accumulation in the tendinous sheaths 

 of an undue amount of synovia, or joint-oil, secreted to 

 obviate the friction of severe fast work, and most frequent 

 and serious in animals with long, oblique pasterns. Although 

 at first soft, and easily reduced by wet bandages and a few 

 days' rest, they by-and-by, from the continued irritation and 

 friction of work, become harder, lymph is mixed with the 

 synovia, and several weeks' rest, with blisters, biniodide of 

 mercury, or mercurial charges, are required for their reduc- 

 tion. Indeed, in middle-aged horses, which have been at 

 full fast work, windgalls, when once they have appeared, can 

 seldom be permanently removed, but are apt to return when- 

 ever the animal again goes to fast work on the road. 



THOROUGHPIN ' 



Is distension (or windgall) of the bursa of the flexor pedis 

 tendon, and is situated immediately above the prominence 

 of the hock, between the bone and the gastrocnemei tendons. 

 It results from severe fast work, especially in young horses. 



