44 THE DISEASES OP HOESES, 



thicker and sticky, the glands under the jaw enlarge, and become attached 

 to the bone. This cannot be mistaken for strangles, a disease incident to 

 young horses, for in strangles it is not a single gland that is swollen, but 

 the whole substance between the jaws ; in strangles there is always 

 cough, the disohargo from tho nose is thick from the beginning, and the 

 lining membrane of the nostrils has the redness of inflammation, whereas 

 in glanders that member has neither that vivid red appearance nor the 

 pale pink of health, but is of a leaden or purple hue, or some shade 

 between, and this is in itself an important feature symptomatic of 

 glanders. 



As the disease runs on sores of a chancrous character appear inside 

 the nostrils; these are deep and ulcerous, with sunken centres and 

 raised ragged edges, and are connected by varicose veins, these in some 

 cases extending to the larynx, causing difficulty of breathing. There is 

 general constitutional disturbance, the appetite fails, flesh is rapidly lost, 

 the horse is spiritless, legs swell in the day, going down at night, coat 

 staring, harsh, and unthrifty, and readily comes off, ulcerous sores break 

 out on the body, and the horse, exhausted, dies. From what has been said 

 it should appear that glanders need not be mistaken for any other disease, 

 if due attention be paid to symptoms. Horse owners should specially 

 beware of all chronic discharges from the nostrils, especially in weak worn- 

 out horses, for it is the old and the overworked that are the marks for 

 this fell disease. If there is the smallest doubt as to the nature of the 

 disease, it is an imperative duty to call in a qualified veterinarian to 

 decide the question and advise as to treatment. 



Whatever may be the cause of glanders, it is well known that too severe 

 work with indifferent feeding pave the way for it. When the horse, ex- 

 hausted, requires rest and quiet, with the natural stimulation afforded by 

 warm mashes and easily digested food, has his flagged energies roused by 

 the administration of strong stimulants and heating cordials, such as 

 foolish grooms delight to resort to, a premium is offered for an attack of 

 glanders. 



Filthy and ill- ventilated stables are a fertile sourco of this, a3 of so 

 many other diseases incidental to the horse ; and if our very im- 

 perfect sanitary laws were carried out in the rural districts, glanders 

 in the stable and fever in the cottage would both be less frequent ; but as 

 it is these laws are a sham, a wise Government having left their ad- 

 ministration in tho hands of tho farmers, who are not only themselves 

 tho greatest offenders, but are, as a class, incapable of appreciating the 

 great value of sanitary measures, and too penurious to spend money 

 for results which thoy have not eyes to see. 



In all cases prevention is better than cure, and in farcy and glanders it 

 is the only thing, as no cure is known, although isolated cases of recovery 

 from farcy are recorded. Blaine gives the case of a horse suffering from 

 farcy being turned into a field of tares and let take his chance, and 

 although the animal could not move about, he ate his way among the tares 



