DRUGS AND THEIR DOSES. 87 



first wrapped in a piece of tissue paper, and then in a piece of tinfoil, to 

 prevent the camphor from evaporating. Of course, the tinfoil must bo 

 taken off before the ball is given. 



Bichloride of Mercury.— See Mercury. 



Blue Stone, or Blue Vitriol.— See Copper. 



Brimstone. — See Sulphur. 



Calamine. — See Zinc. 



Calomel.— This is a subchloride of mercury, a very powerful drug, 

 and one used with little discretion by the common horse doctors who 

 still exercise too much power in this country. It is amost useful drug, 

 but, in the hands of the untrained, a dangerous one. It is often added 

 with good effects to aloetic purges, especially where the liver is to be acted 

 on. It is also given in inflammation of the bowels and in dysentery, in 

 combination with opium. The dose is one to two drachms. It is greatly 

 extolled as a vermifuge, but there ara safer expellents of worms, indeed, 

 these parasites are comparatively rare in the horse, and bots no medicine 

 can reach or affect. 



Camphor. — Camphor is a narcotic ; but it is more used externally in 

 the form of liniments for sprains, bruises, &c, combined with spirits, am- 

 monia, soap, or fixed oils. 



Cantharides— Spanish Ply or Blistering Ply.— The principal use 

 of these insects is as a blister, and the forms in which they are so used I 

 have noticed under "Blisters" (p. 11). However valuable cantharides may be 

 as an internal medicine, they should not be given except under professional 

 advice or supervision, and the use of them in so called condition powders, 

 or in any way by unprofessional persons, cannot be too strongly con- 

 demned. 



Carbonate of Soda.— See Soda. 



Carraways. — Most people are familiar with carraway seeds, as they are 

 used so largely as a culinary spice. In horse medicine they are useful from 

 their aromatic odour and agreeable flavour, as an addition to more active 

 medicines, and are in themselves carminative, stomachic, and stimulating. 

 They answer all the purposes of such other seeds and spices as aniseed, 

 coriander, cumin, fenugreek, pimento, &c. ; but in popular recipes for 

 horse powders and cattle drenches, cattle food, &c, a number of these are 

 generally combined. 



Castor Oil is a purgative, but is seldom given to the horse, linseed-oil 

 being both better and cheaper. 



Caustic, Lunar.— See Silver, Nitrate of. 



Chloride of Sodium.— See Sodium. 



Chloride of Zinc— See Zinc. 



Chloroform.— For professional use only, being dangerous in unskilled 

 hands. 



Copper. -Two preparations of copper may be referred to here — the 

 diacetate, known as verdigris, and the sulphate or blue stone. 



Diacetate of Copper is used to stimulate foul ulcerous sores, that are 



