16 



BUSH-FRUITS 



The crescent scuffle -hoe answers this purpose admira- 

 bly. If preferred, and the materials are at hand, one 

 can be made by riveting the outer tines of an old fork 

 to a piece of bush -scythe, as shown in 

 Fig. 1.* 



In this connection two devices for the 

 horse which does the cultivating should 

 be mentioned. One is a wire muzzle, in 

 the shape of a basket, which can be 

 slipped over the nose and buckled into 

 the bit -rings. With such a device to 

 prevent the horse from nipping the plants 

 he will keep his place in the row and do 

 his work better. The other device is a 

 leather apron, to be worn on his breast, 

 which will save him many an ugly 

 pig.i. Home-made scra t c h. It is generally necessary to 



scarifer or scraper. 



keep the horse close to one row to make 

 the cultivator reach under the bushes, and this apron 

 will materially aid in doing it. 



PRUNING 



The old canes of raspberries and blackberries are 

 best removed and burned as soon as fruiting is over. 

 Any insects that may be contained in them are thus 

 destroyed. The canes can be more easily cut at that 

 time, for they are still soft, while by spring they be- 

 come very dry and woody. This early removal offers 

 a good opportunity to clean up the plantation and culti- 



* Other patterns of useful tools are illustrated in "Garden-Making.' 



