142 BUSH-FRUITS 



cross -strips wires are drawn tightly, one at each end 

 and usually two between. Another way of reaching 

 the same end is to fasten pieces of boards to stakes, 

 running the boards lengthwise of the row, one on 

 either side, and nailing slats across between them. 

 Such a low, flat trellis raises the fruit off the ground 

 and keeps it clean, but picking is inconvenient and 

 cultivation is more difficult. 



A second plan consists in training to an upright 

 wire trellis, after the manner of grapes. The young 

 canes are allowed to run on the ground, and are tied up 

 to the wires the following spring. This is a very satis- 

 factory method, although it admits of cultivation only 

 one way. 



A most simple and satisfactory plan is the one 

 which was recommended by A. J. Caywood as early 

 as 1888.* Let his own words explain it: 



"I plant them as I do red raspberries, four feet apart 

 each way, cultivating both ways until the fore part of 

 June, when the renewals get too long to do so. We 

 then direct the renewals of each row along the bottoms 

 of the hills, and cultivate the other way as long as 

 required, and one man has done the directing of our 

 patch in a day. The old canes are taken from the 

 stakes any time after the fruit is off, before tying up in 

 the spring. The renewals are left on the ground all 

 winter, which is sufficient protection here, but if it is 

 necessary to protect them in colder regions, their pros- 

 trate position facilitates the work. 



"In the spring, one draws the entire hill from under 



^Popular Gardening, vol. iv,, p. 33, 



