308 BUSH-FRUITS 



to propagate ; seeds or stem cuttings are recommended as the 

 most satisfactory means, although the latter do not take root 

 readily.* On the Plains it suffers from the summer sun and dry- 

 ing winds. 



4. R. CHAMJEMORUS, Linn. Cloud-berry. Baked-apple Berry. 



Low, monoecious, or sometimes dioecious ; stem simple, herba- 

 ceous, arising from a frutescent, creeping or subterranean one, 

 2-3-leaved, 1 -flowered ; leaves roundish reniform, somewhat 

 5-lobed, lobes rounded or obtuse, irregularly serrate, wrinkled; 

 calyx pubescent; sepals oval, obtuse, with a very slight point; 

 petals obovate, white, longer than the sepals ; fruit of few 

 grains, amber-colored (Fig. 52). 



Widely distributed throughout the arctic regions of both hemi- 

 spheres. It occurs in the Atlantic and Rocky Mountain alpine 

 regions, but not in the Pacific alpine regions. 



This species is interesting and widely known. In England it 

 is popularly known as "Averon" or "Mountain Bramble," and in 

 Scandinavia as "Grapes of the North." The male and female 

 flowers are borne on separate stems, which are usually, though not 

 always, connected at or beneath the ground with a trailing stem 

 or rootstock. In Northern Denmark and Sweden its fruit is im- 

 portant, large quantities being gathered and sold in the markets. 

 In Scotland it is found on the Grampian Hills, and it was the badge 

 of the MacFarlane clan. Prize essays concerning it have appeared 

 in the transactions of the Highland society. Attempts have been 

 made to cultivate it in Europe, but with poor success. 



5. R. LASIOCOCCUS, Gray. 



"Between R. pedatus and R. Chamcemorus . Stems herbaceous, 

 dwarf, ashy- puberulent; stipules ovate, subscarious ; leaves round - 

 cordate, 3-5-lobed, the lobes slightly trisected, lobes and segments 

 very obtuse, somewhat doubly dentate; peduncles branching, 

 short, few leaved, bearing 1-2 terminal flowers ; calyx segments 

 ovate, acuminate, entire; petals obovate, white, shorter than the 

 sepals; ovaries few (5-9), drupelets fleshy and tomentose." Gray, 

 Proc. Amer. Acad. 17: (1882) 201. 



Described from Oregon, near Mt. Hood. 



Resembles R. pedatus, but is less slender, with thicker leaves, 

 which are seldom divided, flowers little larger, petals broader. 



* Garden and Forest, 1: 225-3: 336. 



