314 BUSH-FRUITS 



12. E. AMERICANUS (Pers.), Britton. Dwarf Raspberry. R. 



triflorus, Richardson. 



Stems ascending, 6-12 inches (1.5-3 decimeters) high, or trail- 

 ing, suffruticose at base, smooth or minutely pubescent, sterile 

 ones sometimes rooting at the tips; leaves 3- (rarely pedately 5) 

 foliolate, on long slender petioles; leaflets thin, glabrate, or 

 pubescent beneath, rhombic ovate or ovate -lanceolate, acute at 

 both ends, often acuminate, coarsely and somewhat doubly ser- 

 rate; the terminal one petiolate; stipules ovate or oblong, 

 entire; peduncles mostly terminal, 1-3 flowered; pedicels and 

 base of calyx bearing glandular tipped hairs; sepals ovate - 

 lanceolate, acuminate, tomentose toward the tips, at length, 

 reflexed; fruit small, red (Fig. 56). 



Labrador to New Jersey, and west to Colorado. 



This is a pretty little plant of eastern woods. 



13. R. SAXATILIS, Linn. 



Stems pubescent, sparsely beset with minute prickles; sterile 

 shoots, long, slender, creeping, terete, often rooting at the tip 

 in autumn; flowering stems erect, mostly simple, 4-12 inches 

 (1-3 decimeters) high; leaves 3-foliolate, on long petioles, both 

 sides green and slightly pubescent; leaflets ovate or rhombic - 

 ovate, obtuse at both ends or acute at the apex, coarsely den- 

 tate, middle one long, lateral ones short-petiolate ; stipules of 

 flowering stems ovate, of sterile ones linear; inflorescence 

 cymose, 3-10 flowered, peduncles terminal and axillary; pedicels 

 prickly; calyx pubescent, especially within, but not glandular; 

 sepals ovate or lanceolate, acuminate, commonly no longer than 

 the petals, at length reflexed; petals small, erect, spatulate, 

 white; fruit of 1-6 large grains, not coherent, deep red; seeds 

 large, slightly wrinkled. 



Found in Greenland, and widely distributed in Europe, but 

 apparently does not occur on the American continent proper. 



A French work entitled Traite des Plantes Fourrageres men- 

 tions this as a good forage plant, either fresh or dry. 



14. R. ID^EUS, Linn. European Raspberry. 



Plant usually stiff, erect, and light colored, the main stems 

 bearing nearly straight, slender prickles; flowering shoots, peti- 

 oles, veins, pedicels and calyx finely pubescent, but not glandular, 

 and sparsely beset with firm, recurved prickles ; leaves of bearing 

 wood 3-foliolate, of new canes mostly 5-foliolate, thicker than in 

 R. strigosus, whitened -downy beneath, and usually somewhat 

 wrinkled; middle leaflet ovate, petiolate; lateral ones ovate-lan- 

 ceolate, sessile, cut-serrate; inflorescence sub - corymbose ; pedi- 



