Pruning 



17 



riveting a piece of heavy scythe to the outer tines of an 

 old fork. 



Two devices for the horse which does the cultivating 

 are worth mentioning in this connection. 

 One is a wire muzzle which can be slipped 

 over the nose and buckled to the bit-ring. 

 Most horses are fond of the canes and 

 will be constantly nipping them, both to 

 the detriment of the plants and of their 

 work. This device will prevent that. 

 Tying an old grain-sack with the bottom 

 cut off over the nose will accomplish the 

 same object but is rather uncomfortable 

 for the horse in warm weather. 



A leather apron to protect his breast 

 from the thorns is also a good thing to 

 use. The horse needs to be kept close to 

 one row so that the cultivator will reach 

 under the bushes, and this apron will make it easier to 

 keep him there. 



SC JJ r m 

 scraper. 



PRUNING 



The old canes of raspberries and blackberries are best 

 removed and burned as soon as fruiting is over. Any 

 insects which may be at work in them are thus destroyed. 

 The canes can be more easily cut at that time, also, for 

 they are still soft, while by spring they become dry and 

 woody. Removing the canes at this time also offers a 

 good opportunity to clean up the plantation and cultivate 

 close to the bushes. The fruiting habit of the groselles is 



