The Gooseberry Fruit-worm 337 



down and insert their long mouthparts into the branch or fruit and 

 begin sucking the juices from within. In a short time thereafter 

 they become covered with the protecting scales described above. 

 A single mother is supposed to produce from 100 to 200 young during 

 her lif etime under average conditions, even 600 being possible. This 

 enormous increase, together with the fact that being so securely 

 attached to the part on which it lives it is so readily distributed on 

 nursery stock, and the like, accounts for its widespread distribution 

 and the difficulty with which it is controlled. 



It is preyed upon by numerous parasites, some of which have 

 been heralded as avenging enemies which would free us from the 

 destruction caused by this pest. They doubtless aid, but the factors 

 are too complex to afford any great hope for relief along this line. 



Remedies. The San Jose scale is not hard to kill if it can be hit. 

 The chief trouble comes from the fact that it is so small and so 

 easily missed that it is practically impossible to reach all the in- 

 sects on the tree or plant. Then those which are left are able to 

 multiply so rapidly that the tree is soon covered again. 



Lime-sulfur, in some of its forms has proved the most dependable 

 and all-round satisfactory spray. The oil sprays are more agreeable 

 to use and spread over the plant better, so that insects are less likely 

 to be missed, but unless conditions are right in every way often injure 

 the trees or plants. Thorough work is essential, whatever the remedy 

 applied. 



So much has been written regarding this insect and its control that 

 no attempt is made to cite references. A full account will be found 

 in U. S. Bur. Ent. Bull. 62. 



THE GOOSEBERRY FRUIT-WORM 



Zophodia grossularice, Pack. 



The larva of this moth works within the fruit of the gooseberry, 

 and sometimes of the currant. The moths appear early in spring 

 and deposit their eggs on the surface of the very young fruit. The 

 larva bores into the fruit and eats out its contents. When one 

 berry is disposed of another is fastened to the now empty shell, and 

 the worm bores its way into that one. Several fruits may be thus 



