56 I. VEGETABLES.— Gentianeje. 



81. GENTIANE.^. 



The roots are generally bitter, tonic, and febrifuge. 



Great yellow gentian, Gentiana, G. lutea. Root, gentiaiKE 

 radix, very bitter, febrifuge, vermifuge, antiseptic, carminative, 

 dose in powder gr. x to 31] ; contains saccharine matter ; fermented 

 yields a spirit ; from Germany. Officinal preparations. — Infus. 

 gent, comp., D. L. E, Tinct. gentian ae, D. L. E, Extract, 

 gentianse, D. L. E. 



Gentiana campestris; — Cachen, G. Peruviana; — *YeUoio 

 centaury, G. perfoliata, Chlora perfoliata ; — Blue gentian, G. Ca- 

 teshei. Roots bitter, tonic. 



*Gentianel, Gentianella vema, G. verna ; — "^Fell icort. 

 Bastard gentian, Gentianella autumnalis, Gentiana amarella ; — 

 Chirayit, Creata, G. chirayita (highly esteemed in India, and 

 recently used with advantage in this country). — Gentiana cruciata; 

 — G. rubra ; — G. purpurea ; — * Marsh gentian, Calathian violet, 

 G. pneumonanthe ; — Gentiana grandijlora, G. acaulis. Herbs 

 bitter, used as tonics. 



*Lesser centaury, Centaurium minus, Gentiana centaurium, 

 Cliironia centaurium. Flowering tops, centaurii cacumina, bitter, 

 febrifuge, and vermifuge ; used against obstructions, jaundice, 

 •weaknesses, hydrophobia ; sometimes cathartic ; externally in 

 decoction destroys lice and cures the itch. Roots more powerful 

 than the flowers. 



Worm grass, Carolina pink, Spigelia Marylandica ; — S. an- 

 thelmia. Herbs bitter, used to expel lumbrici from children: 

 dose of the powdered root or herb, gr. x to 3j, night and morning ; 

 expressed juice, cochl. maj. j to children of four or five years old: 

 infusion of the herb coch. maj. ij, for the same age. 



Ophiorrhiza mdngos ; — O. lanceolata. Roots bitter, alex- 

 iterial, used against the bite of venomous serpents, analogous to 

 serpentaria. 



Coutoub^a alba; — C. purpurea. Febrifuge and stomachic. 



American centaury, Chironia angularis, Sabbatia angularis, 

 Sabbatia, P. U. S. ; — C. decussata. Roots extremely bitter, used 

 as tonics. 



Marsh trefoil. Bog bean, Trijhlium paludosum, Menyanthes, 

 M. trifoliata. — * Fringed bog bean, Divarf water lily, Nymphcea 

 lutea minor, Menyanthes nymphoides, Villarsia nymphoides. These 

 are very bitter, astringent : root mixed with meal, in scarcities of 

 bread: leaves dried and powdered, 3j, purge and vomit, used as 

 a vermifuge ; an infusion is extremely bitter, and useful in 



