Charcoals. SSd^ 



Sugar black. From sugar burned to a coal; deficient in 

 body, but a warm colour for washing; works very free, and equal 

 in mellowness to Indian ink. 



Whkat black. From wheat burned to a coal ; superior to 

 lamp black, and equal to ivory black ; dries well and hard in 

 eight hours with boiled oil only ; covers the ground well in one 

 colouring. 



Burnt sponge, Spongia iista. The sponge being cut to pieces, 

 is well beaten to separate the sand it contains, and which makes 

 up the far greater part of its weight, and is then burnt in a close 

 vessel until it is black and friable ; used in bronchocele and scrofu- 

 lous complaints ; 3J — 5iij in an electuary, or in lozenges held under 

 the tongue. 



Vegetable ^thiops, Pulvis quercus marince. From fucus 

 vesiculosus, or bladder wrack, burned in a close vessel till it is 

 black and friable : in bronchocele, &c., as the preceding ; also 

 prepared from the pila marina. 



Ivory black, Cologne black, Cassel hlcuck, Ebur ustum nigrum, 

 Spodiunu From ivory shavings, or dust, heated in covered iron 

 pots ; used as a dentifrice and a paint ; with white lead forms a 

 beautiful pearl-grey colour. 



Hartshorn black, Cornu ustum nigrum. Left in distilling 

 hartshorn for the spirit. 



Bone black. Animal c/iarcoal, Charbon animal, Noir animal 

 The residuum left after the distillation of bone ; reddish ; used for 

 making blacking for leather, for moulding delicate founders' work, 

 for clarifying liquors, and for abstracting the lime used in making 

 sugar from the syrup. 



Fine bone black, Noir de Paris. From turners' bone dust, 

 burned in covered iron skittle crucibles, and ground dry. Sold 

 for ivory black, and, when finally levigated, for burnt lamp black. 



Fink charcoal. From finks; used for clarifying. 



Prussian blue makers* black, Noir de composition. The 

 residuum from whence the prussiate of potash has been alixi- 

 viated ; that of the manufactories which use dried blood clarifies 

 far better than b<jne black, or than that of the manufactories that 

 use hoofs. 



Kiln-made coke, Stifled coke. From coal burned in a pile 

 or open kiln ; dull black ; used as fuel, produces a very strong 

 hcau 



Gas coke, Distilled coke. The remains of the coals used in 

 making gas for lights; bright-grey, produces only a weak heat. 

 Dot sufficient to smelt iron. 



CuARfi02( MINERAL, From bituminous elate, burned in 



