296 VIII. ACIDS.— Vinegars. 



Pickling vinegar 1 gall., distil in a glass vessel 1 pint, which keep 

 separate for perfumes or cosmetics, tlien draw off 6 pints, being 

 the material required by the colleges for medical purposes. 



AciDUM ACETOSUM, P. Bat. A, aceticum dilutum, P. Belg. 

 VV^ine vinegar 16 pints, charcoal powder lib., distil in glass or 

 stone ware 2 pints, which keep separate ; then draw off 8 pints ; 

 continue the distillation, keeping each pint separate until the dis- 

 tilled vinegar has a burnt flavour ; mix the others with 8 pints : 

 .1j of this acid should saturate 3j of subcarbonate of soda, if it does 

 not, add some stronger acid, or some of that which came over 

 first : its spec. grav. is usually 1 '007. Distilled vinegar is used 

 when the mucilage of raw vinegar would be prejudicial, or its 

 colour. — Sapa acetu The bottoms left in distilling vinegar, with- 

 out the addition of water. 



Concentrated vinegar, Acetum concentratum^ Acidum aciti-' 

 cum forte. Sapa aceti 1 gallon, charcoal powder lib., distil. 



Badollieu's strong acetous acid, Acidum acetosum forte, 

 P. E. Vitriol calcined to whiteness lb. j, sugar of lead 5x ; rub 

 together and distil. 



DoLLFiJss' concentrated ACETOUS ACID. Sugar of lead 

 3 Soz., oil of vitriol 6 oz.; distil 7oz., used to make aromatic vinegar, 

 and as a very active errhine. 



Spirit of verdigris, Radical vinegar, Esprit de Venus, 

 Spiritus Veneris, Acidum acetosum, A. aceticum purum, C. P. 

 CrystalHzed verdigris 21b., dry it in a water-bath, distil it in a 

 sand heat, re-distil the produced liquor: produces lib.; sp.gr. 

 1*050. Dissolves camphire and oils. 



^ Acidum aceticum, P. D. Kali acetatum -^vj, add gradually 

 oil of vitriol ^iij, allowing the mixture to cool between each addi- 

 tion ; distil to dryness : produces siij. 



Crystallized acetic acid, Acidum aceticum (jlaciale. Ace- 

 tate of soda dried, and melted by a gentle heat lOi-oz., oil of 

 vitriol o oz., mix gradually, and distil ; dry the crystals' with filter- 

 ing paper ; produces about 6 oz. 



Lowitz's acetic acid. Sulphate of potash 12oz., oil of vitriol 

 6 oz., diluted with 18 oz. water ; evaporate to dryness ; add acetate 

 of soda gently dried 9 oz., black oxide of manganese ground very 

 fine -i-oz., distil in glass, in a sand heat. 



Rough pyroligneous acid, Vi?ieqar of loood. Spirit of -wood, 

 Acetum ligni. From woods not of a resinous nature, as beech, 

 birch, oak, or ash, by distillation in cast iron cyhnders. 8cwt. of 

 wood yields about 35 gallons or 3001b. of spirit and phlegm, and 

 leaves about 18lb. of charcoal, so that nearly half the wood 

 passes off in gas, which being inflammable, "is conducted by 



Eipes to the fire-room of the furnaces, and aids in the supply of 

 eat. 



