Colours and Colouring Powders. 473 



USED IN THE ARTS. 



/ ciirndn cenissy Cerussa P^encta, Plumbum album. Flake white, 

 cawk, ana p. aeq. 



Hamburgh white lead. Flake white 1 cwt., cawk 2 cwt. 



Best Dutch tchite lead. Flake white 1 cwt., cawk 3 cwt. 



Common Dutch tchite lead. Flake white 1 cwt., cawk 7 cwt. 



English white lead. Flake white reduced in price by chalk, infe- 

 rior to the preceding. 



Ink powder. Green vitriol lib., galls ^Ib., gum. Arab. 8 oz. : 

 2 oz. make a pint of ink. — 2. Vitriol, calc. 5vj, pulv. g. Arab. 3ij, 

 indigo 5ss, gallae, sacch. albi, ana ^iij ; mix. 



Grana si/lvestria. A dry powder, with many small fragments 

 of something that has been made into a dry uniform cake ; it has 

 only l-6th of the colouring power of fine cochineal, and is in 

 general about l-8th of its price ; it is probably composed of the 

 white downy substance left by the wild cocci upon the plants on 

 which they feed, along with fragments and dust of the insects them- 

 selves, with perhaps some vegetable substance. Cochineal itself 

 seems formerly to have been made into a paste and dried. 



Indian ijih, Indicum, Atramentum Indicum. l^he best kind is 

 made of real lamp black, procured by burning oil under shades, 

 mixed up with glue made of an ass*s skin, to which is added a 

 little musk ; astringent 5J — ij, dissolved in water or wine, in he- 

 morrhages, also stomachic. — 2. Russian lamp black made up with 

 glue. — 3. Honey lib., yelk of eggs no. 2, gum. Arab, half an oz., 

 lamp black q. s. ; beat into a mass. — 4. Horse beans burnt per- 

 fectly black, ground fine, and made up into sticks with gum water ; 

 is very inferior to the others. — 5. Seed lac 5J 3ij, borax 3j, aquae 

 5iiij : lamp black q. s. to form into cakes. 



Lump archcl, Toumesnl enpains^ Laccaccerulea^ hacmus tinctorius. 

 Prepared from Canary archel, ground archel, and some other 

 lichens, by reducing them to powder, adding half as much pearl 

 ashes, and moistening the whole with urine or bone spirit ; a small 

 proportion of lime is then added, and the archel cut into cubes 

 and dried. 



Litmusy Lacmuit tinctorius albo-ctBruleus. Like the former, with 

 a large proportion of whiting at the end, which renders it light 

 blue; some add infusion of Hrasil wood. 



Cudbear, Canary archel soaked with urine or bone spirit, and 



f round to powder. All are used in dyeing violet colours, which, 

 owever, do not stand well ; also as very delicate tests for acidg 



