TILE DKAI.X* PRfchtKRKD. 71 



Stones broken to the size above mentioned are 

 expensive in this country, and in many places they 

 ( •!; in England it is now tound that 



ti and burned, are cheapest. These 



have been made oi various shapes. 



p 5 a. The first used was the horse- 



shoe tile, fig. 5. This was so 

 named from its shape: it had a 

 sole a, made as a separate piece 

 to place under it, and form a smooth surface for the 

 water to run over. 



f>' ^' I few years this tile has been almost en- 



tirely ;. d by the pipe tiles; these are made of 



several shapes, as seen in the accompanying figures 6 



r^- «• Fig. 7 



aod 7: the oval shape (fig. 7) is advantageous, because 

 a small stream in the bottom will wash out every ob- 

 struction tliHt can be rarritil away by water. These 

 y«<^ ' ovtr the horseshoe shape, 



»•» ^b. : are all in one piece; this 



makes them cheaper in the first cost, and also more 

 economical in the traasjmrlation. 



All these varieties are laid in the bottom of the 

 ditch, it having been previ ' ' : , smooth 



and straight. They arc sin eni\, a.« 



at a, a, in figures b and 7; ilun wtd^iti ^ ith 



small stones if miessiiry, nnd the earth j i.ard 



1. Water will aKva\s find its way in through 

 I Surli i.iius laid at a depth of 2| to 3 feet, 



and at prop.! s between the drains, will in 



lime dry the ilj.w .. , ...>s. Man> farmers have t! ' • 

 that water would not*fin<l its way in, but exi 

 >\ill MXMi show them that ihey can $iot keep it uul 



