146 FEEDING GROWN ANIMALS, 



calves for market. It has been suggested that bone 

 meal, ground fine, might be found good for young 

 animals, as a portion of their allowance; but I am 

 not aware if it has ever been tried with success. It 

 is said that the Arabs make use of it for food in time 

 of scarcity. Bean meal or peas meal, in small quanti- 

 ties, makes an excellent mixture with milk. 



The natural milk of the mother combines all of the 

 properties which I have mentioned, as will be seen 

 in an ensuing chapter; but it is not always practica- 

 ble or profitable to feed with milk entirely. 



From the composition of the grains previously 

 given, it is obvious that all of them are valuable food 

 for young stock. Indian corn being cheapest, and on 

 the whole best adapted for the purpose, is most used 

 in this country. 



Such directions as these, contrast somewhat strongly 

 with the state of things described first; where the ani- 

 mal, shivering in the winter's cold, was compelled to 

 exist on food entirely unsuited to its wants, and 

 scarcely sufficient to supply material for keeping up 

 the heat of its body. Let any reasonable man decide 

 which system will produce the best results. 



SECTION rV. OF FEEDING THE FULL-GROWN ANIMAL. 



The full-grown animal has its bones, its muscles, 

 and all of its parts fully developed and matured. 

 That which it needs in its food, is the material to 

 make good the daily waste of its body. This waste 

 is not inconsiderable, especially when the animal un- 

 dergoes much labor and severe exertion. 



a. A man consumes in respiration alone, from six 

 to eight ounces of carbon in each twenty-four hours. 

 In order to supply this, he must eat about one pound 

 of starch, sugar, gum, fat, or other food rich in carbon. 

 Then there are the phosphates, the nitrogenous sub- 



