HELIX. 123 



labiate, dark brown, its extremities connected by a callus of the 

 same color; columella straight, flattened, callous within. 



Diam. 20-25 mill. 



Western, Middle, and Northern Europe. 



The synonymy includes H. citicta, H. quinquefasciata, Shepp., H. 

 etrusca, Ziegl, If. imperfecta and H. olivacea, Risso, H. turturum, 

 Stew. 



In the arrangement of bands this form, like all species of Tachea, 

 is interminably varied. 



Var. CONOIDEA, Clessin. 



Spire conoid, elevated. Diam. 22, alt 18 mill. Bavaria. 



Var. ERJAVECI, Kobelt. PI. 35, fig. 98. 



Broadly two banded, the bands broken into streaks in the direc- 

 tion of the striae. Gorz. 



Var. LUCIFUGA, Ziegl. 



Large, solid, thick shelled. Diam. 30 mill. Italy. 



Synonyms : var. appennina, Stab., H. genuensis, Porro. 



Varieties albolabiata and roseolabiata are sufficiently described by 

 their names. Var. libellula, Risso is diaphanous, green, peristome 

 reddish violet. Var. creticola. Morch, is a large heavy form of 30 

 mill, diam., from Sweden. Var. porrecta, Westerlund from Sweden, 

 in which the suture does not descend at aperture; etc., etc. 



H. HORTENSIS, Miiller. PL 35, figs. 99, 1. 



Similar in form to H. nemoralis ; somewhat smaller ; peristome 

 white, its ends connected by a light white callus on parietal wall; 

 bands five, subject to the same mutations as those of H. nemoralis. 



Northern and Central Europe, Westward to Pyrenees; introduced 

 into Eastern U. S. and Canada. 



H. ludoviciana d'Aumont, and H. subglobosa, Binn. are synonyms. 

 Var. TROCHOIDEA, Clessin. Diam. 19, alt 17 mill. 

 Var. PERFORATA, Westerlund. 



Yellow, five fasciate, deeply perforate. Gotland. 



Var. ARENICOLA, Macq. 



Thin pellucid, pale yellow, white banded; Scotland. 



