HELIX-AMPELITA. 19 



sion above, although sometimes not very obviously. The base is 

 either unicolored, or has, as in Ferussac's types, a spiral light zone 

 around the umbilicus. It is a broader, larger species than either 

 hova, lamarei or subsepulchralis, and in fact is perfectly distinct from 

 either of these. 



Typical SEPULCHRALIS is chocolate colored, with lighter brown 

 spire, with or without a light circum-umbilical band. 



A color-variety which may be called OLIVACEA is yellowish-olive 

 or light olive-brown with darker (purple, pink or dark brown) spire, 

 with or without a basal band (fig. 39). 



Var. FUNEBRIS Martens. PL 3, figs. 43, 44, 45. 



Broadly umbilicated, depressed, lightly striatulate and obsoletely 

 spirally lined, blackish-brown, unicolored ; spire scarcely projecting ; 

 whorls 4J, rapidly increasing, the penultimate and last with a rather 

 broad impressed spiral sulcus above, the last somewhat convex on 

 the base, angulated around the funnel-shaped umbilicus, deflexed 

 anteriorly ; aperture very oblique, elliptical-oval, grayish-blue inside, 

 margins approaching, the upper broadly reflexed, somewhat arched, 

 the lower narrowly reflexed, arcuate, columella a little dilated above. 

 Alt. 23, greater diam. 51, lesser 38 mill. Distinguished from the 

 normal sepulchralis by the greater size, uniform blackish-brown color, 

 without bands (only in places, especially on the penultimate whorl, 

 there is a modification of the epidermis in the form of narrow 

 grayish-white bands, similar to those of many Cochlostylas) and the 

 malleated sculpture of the last whorl. (Martens.) 



Von Marten's description is translated above. His figures, copied 

 on pi. 3, are probably too -highly colored. 



H. CADAVEROSUS PUsbry. PL 62, figs. 29, 30, 31. 



Shell large, depressed, subdiscoidal, with a deep, funnel-shaped 

 umbilicus ; solid, opaque, dark chestnut colored, more or less covered 

 with white or cream-colored bloom, like many Cochlostylas; this 

 over-color is hydrophanous, disappearing if the shell be thoroughly 

 wetted ; it is irregularly diffused over the surface with narrow 

 oblique streaks .and spirals of more opaque creamy and of chestnut 

 color; there is an indistinct yellowish , zone around the umbilicus. 

 Surface somewhat shining, scarcely striate, seen under a lens to be 

 very finely, subobsoletely granulate all over, the, granulation visible 

 without a lens in the umbilical region. Spire very small and low, 

 a trifle raised above the contour of the last whorl ; apex minute, a 



