194 EPIPHRAGMOPHORA. 



?-|- Ccelospira ANC., Conch. Exch., i, p. 20, type H. maeneili (not 

 Ccelospira Hall, 1858, HreichioipodeC)=Averellia ANC., 1. e., p. 54, 

 Apr., 1887, same type, -f- Trichodiscus STREBEL, Beitr. Mex. Land- 

 und Siissw.-Conch., iv, p. 32, 1880 (not of Ehrenberg, Infusoria)= 

 Trichodisdna v. MARTENS, Biol. Centr. Amer. Moll., p. 133, March, 

 1892 ; type H. coactiliata. 



See for anatomy W. G. Binney, Terr. Moll., vol. v (figures not 

 always reliable !). Semper, Reisen, etc., p. 242. Doring, Bol. Acad. 

 Nac. Sci., Cordova, i, and Estudos Sist. y Anat. sobre los Mol. pulm. 

 de los poises del Plata, Periodico Zool.,i, 1875, p. 129-204. Strebel 

 & Pfeffer, Beitr. Mex. Moll., pt. iv. HEYNEMANN, Mai. Bl., xv, 

 pi. iv, fig. 4. 



Shell varying from globose to subdiscoidal, rarely keeled, umbili- 

 cate or imperforate, with 4 to 7 whorls. Surface generally decus- 

 sated, malleated or hirsute ; the texture varying from corneous to 

 chalky; generally variegated, having a supraperipheral band, some- 

 times 3-banded. Aperture lunar, the lip expanded or reflexed, 

 dilated at columellar insertion, toothless ; but a few species have a 

 columellar nodule or internal plicae. Type E. hieronymi Doring, 

 pi. 59, fig. 77. (See also pi. 58, figs. 57 to 74). 



Animal granulated as usual, with a pair of dorsal grooves and 

 no distinct facial grooves, the tail rounded above, not keeled nor 

 grooved. Sole undivided (pi. 45, fig. 6, E. fidelis; pi. 59, fig. 76, 

 E. nickliniana, showing atrium extruded, and the characteristic 

 granulation of foot, not well shown in the fig. of E. fidelis). Eight 

 eye retractor passes between branches of genitalia. 



Jaw arched, with 3 to 8 stout ribs denticulating the margins (pi. 

 59, fig. 78, E. semiclausa; fig. 80, areolata ; fig. 83 nickliniana; 

 fig. 84, fidelis; fig. 85, arrosa; pi. 52, fig. 17, E. eordovana). 



Radula characterized by median and lateral teeth without side 

 cusps ; marginals with the entocone+mesocone forming a long com- 

 pound cusp, ectocone simple, never bifid. (PI 60, fig. 10, E.fidelis. 

 Fig. 7, E. nickliniana. Fig. 4, E. areolata}. 



Genitalia characterized by a slender penis continued in an epi- 

 phallus which bears the retractor; flagellum present. Dart sack 

 short, its apex neither constricted nor attached, containing a two- 

 edged dart, pi. 59, fig. 82, E. mormonum. Mucus gland either (1) 

 single and club-shaped, seated on dart sack, pi. 59, fig. 81, or (2) 

 single but dividing above into two bulb-bearing branches, pi. 59, 



