284 HELICODONTA. 



Group of V. cydophorella. 



V. cyclophorella Anc., viii, 259. V. mionecton Bttg., viii, 260. 

 V. perspectiva Sterki, viii, 257. v. schamhalensis Rosen. 



V. tenuilabris Br., viii, 258. V. ladacensis Nev., viii, 260. 

 v. saxoniana Sterki, viii, 259. v. asiatica Nev., viii, 260. 



Genus HELICODONTA Ferussac, 1819. 



Helicodonta FEE. Tabl. Syst. de la Fam. des Limacons, p. 33 (in 

 part). Risso Hist. Nat. de 1'Eur. M6rid., iv, p. 65, 1826 (re- 

 stricted to H.obvoluta). Trigonostoma FITZINGER, Syst. Verzeich., 

 1833, p. 97, species H. holosericeum, H. obvolutum. Not Trigonostoma 

 Blainv., 1825, Cancellariidce. Vortex BECK, Index Moll., 1837, p. 

 29. Gonostoma HELD, Isis, 1837, p. 915 (preoccupied by Rafines- 

 que in Pisces, 1810.) Anchistoma ("Klein," preLinnsean) H. & A. 

 ADAMS, Gen. Rec. Moll, ii, p. 205, 1855 (subg. Polygyra and Dre- 

 panostoma only, the former in part). Euphemia LEACH, teste BECK, 

 Amtl. Ber. v. Kiel, 1846, p. 122. ? Plieostoma SCHLUTER, Verz. p. 

 4, 1838, s.-g. Helix, for H. intestinalis Schlu't. (publication not seen 

 by H. P.^. Chilodon and Helicodon EHRENB. Symb. Phys., 1831. 



Drepanostoma PORRO, Mag. de Zool., 1836, classe v, pi. 71, type 

 D. nautiliformis. Contorta MEG. de MUHLF., test. VILLA, Disp. 

 Syst. Conch. Coll. Villa, p. 19, 1841. 



Caracollina BECK, Index Moll., p. 28, 1837. LOWE, P. Z. S., 

 1854, p. 196, type If. barbula Charp. And probably Caracollina 

 EHRENBERG, Symb. Phys. Evert., Moll., no diagnosis ; no species 

 mentioned. Caracolina auct. 



Aspasita WESTERLUND, Fauna der in der Palaarctischen Region 

 Lebenden Binnenconchyl., Helix, pp. 18, 26, type H. triaria. 



See for anatomy, A. Schmidt, Stylommatophoren p. 34, pi. 8. 

 Moq.-Tand, Hist. Nat. Moll. France, p. 109-114, pi. 10. Hesse, 

 Jahrb. d. d. Malak. Ges. xi, 1884, p. 233, pi. 4, f. 5. St. Simon, 

 Journ. de Conch., 1867, p. 98. Schuberth, Archiv f. Naturg., 

 1892, p. 5, pi. 1. v. Ihering, Morphol. u. Syst., p. 475. 



Shell depressed, usually umbilicated, rather thin, never cretaceous ; 

 unicolored brown; striate, granulate, ribbed or hairy. Spire low, 

 consisting of numerous closely coiled whorls. Aperture triangular, 

 rhombic or lunate, the lip-ends remote ; peristome expanded and 

 reflexed, lipped, often toothed. Type H. obvoluta, pi. 56, 'figs. 25, 



