62 LILY-OF-THE-VALLEY FAMILY. 



Before this trillium was described by Dr. Small, it erroneously passed 

 under the name of Trillium sessile. Through its range it appears to be the 

 common form, where it grows in the rich soil of mountainous ravines and 

 in wooded, ferny places. 



T. grandiflbrum, large-flowered wake- robin, or birthroot, is always an 

 agreeable find through the woods, as its pure white flowers, turning later to 

 pink, are very handsome, and when many of them grow together the plant 

 makes an especially fine showing. Its spreading petals, as the coloured seg- 

 ments of the perianth are commonly called, are considerably larger than the 

 sepals, or set of green ones, often approaching in fact three inches in length. 

 The plant grows from ten to eighteen feet high and its large leaves^are 

 whorled just below the base of the flower's peduncle. From Alissouri to 

 Quebec its range extends, and it is not uncommon in many cool, damp 

 woods. As a garden plant it is very desirable. 



T. ercctiun, ill-scented wake-robin, or nose bleed, is known by its hand- 

 some nodding flower, reddish in its gayest ^orm, or sometimes pink, or white. 

 The segments of its perianth are lanceolate and the so-called petals are 

 but little longer than the sepals. But the flower has an unexpected, fetid 

 odour which greatly detracts from its otherwise agreeable personality. The 

 mountain people, especially those of the Cumberland and Alleghanies, find, 

 however, more efficacious results from the use of this species of trillium in 

 the treatment of nervous diseases than from any other one. From Missouri 

 it extends northward to Nova Scotia. 



T. cermium, nodding wake-robin, has a flower that droops very much, 

 in fact, it is often quite hidden beneath the leaves. Its petals are pink or 

 white, recurved and undulating on their margins. They are but little longer 

 than their sepals. The range of the plant is quite extended. 



T. sessile, sessile-flowered wake-robin, is a small plant at most about 

 twelve inches high. Its leaves are nearly orbicular and about the purplish, 

 sessile flower there is a pleasant fragrance. Pennsylvania is the limit of its 

 progress northward. 



THE SMILAX FAMILY. 



SniilacecE. 



Mostly viJies, with usually 7voody and sometimes prickly stems and 

 simple^ alter7iate^ petiolcd leaves which are netted-7'eined. At the bases of 

 the petioles arise a pair of persistent tendrils through the aid of 7vhich 

 the plant climbs. Flowers : very small ; dicecious j mostly green, and 



