478 THE MADDER FAMILY. 



petioles ; ovate, or oval; pointed at the apex and tapering into margined petioles 

 at the base; entire, one-sided at maturity, glabrous above, pubescent underneath, 

 especially along the veins. A shrub, or small tree. 



Along marshy banks of streams, or through pine-barren districts of the 

 far south, the natives seek this shrub, or small tree, that they may peel its 

 bark to use as a substitute for quinine. The most interesting feature per- 

 haps of its attractive blossoms is the way one or rarely two of the calyx 

 lobes of certain of the cyme's flowers becomes a large, pink floral leaf, cast- 

 ing a gleam of colour brighter even than the purplish-spotted corolla. 



THE HONEYSUCKLE FAMILY. 



Caprifoliacere, 

 Trees, sJwiibs, vines or herbs with simple, or pinnate, opposite leaves 

 mostly without stipules, and which bear regular, or irregular, perfect 

 flowers with gamopetalous corollas and mostly growi?ig in cymes. Sta- 

 mens on the corolla and alternating with its lobes. 



HOBBLE=BUSH. TANGLE-LEGS. AMERICAN WAY- 

 FARING TREE. 



Viburniun alnifbliuni. 

 .'family colour odour range time of bloom 



Ho7ieysuckle. White. - Scentless. North Carolina and Tennessee May^June. 



northward and luesttuard. 



Fei'tile flowers : \\xi-^ \ growing in dense, terminal, sessile cymes and being sur- 

 rounded by radiate, neutral flowers. Pedicels : thickly covered with a pinkish 

 scurf. Ca/jx : five-toothed. Corolla : with five small, rounded lobes. Stamens: 

 five, on the throat of the corolla. Neutral flowers with usually five rounded lobes. 

 Drupes : bright red, turning later to purple, or black ; not edible. Leaves : simple ; 

 with thick, densely pubescent petioles ; orbicular or broadly ovate, abruptly 

 pointed at the apex and cordate at the base ; pinnately veined ; doubly serrate ; 

 dark green above, and covered thickly along the under veins with a thick scurfy 

 pubescence. A much-branched shrub. Tioigs : scurfy. 



Along the slopes of the high mountains in North Carolina, often where 

 deep shadows fall, this viburnum is most conspicuous among the shrubbery. 

 Its branches sprawl often, or lie over on the ground forming great loops 

 which root readily from their ends. By this means it trips up many that 

 seek to pass through its meshes, and the natives have therefore deemed 

 " Devil's shoestrings " a not inappropriate designation. It is one, however, 

 which they seem to hold in readiness to bestow on the slightest provocation 

 to several plants. 



Not all the A'iburnums have the showy neutral flowers which remind 

 us somewhat of those of some hydrangeas. In fact, among the number 



