Key to the Families Described in this 

 Volume. 



Ovules naked (not enclosed in an ovary) 



Stem branchless. Leaves pinnate .... Cycas i 



Stem branching. Leaves simple 

 Buds scaly, or naked 



Fruit a cone Pine 2 



Fruit a drupe Yew 20 



Ovules enclosed in an ovary 



Cotyledon one. Stem not separated into bark, wood and pith. Leaves 

 mostly parallel-veined 



Carpels one or more and distinct 



Herbs. Inflorescence not a true spadix . Water Plantain 23 

 Herbs. Inflorescence a true spadix . . . Arum 32 



Palms Palm 26 



Carpels united into a compound ovary 



Seeds with mealy albumen surrounding the embryo 



Epiphytes with scurfy leaves . . . Pine-apple 37 



Terrestrial or aquatic. Leaves not scurfy 



Perianth of two series of parts . . Spiderwort 38 



Perianth corolla-like .... Pickerel-weed 41 

 Seeds with fleshy or horny albumen surrounding the embryo 

 Ovary superior or free from the calyx 



Fruit a capsule . . Bunch-flower and Lily 45 and 50. 



Fruit a fleshy berry. Lily-of-the-valley and Smilax 58 and 62 

 Ovary inferior or more or less united with the calyx 



